Department for the Psychology of Human Movement and Sport, Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
Department for the Psychology of Human Movement and Sport, Institute of Sports Science, Faculty of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, Germany.
Hum Mov Sci. 2021 Jun;77:102801. doi: 10.1016/j.humov.2021.102801. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
Modifying already automatized movement skills often causes proactive interference resulting in initial performance decrements. Dealing with interference is closely linked to inhibitory functions, since inhibition is needed to suppress automatic, but undesired behavior. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of three different inhibition dimensions for interference control in motor skill change. To this end, 42 participants performed three tests each measuring a different dimension of inhibition: resistance to distractor interference (Eriksen-Flanker Task), resistance to proactive interference (Brown-Peterson Variant) and prepotent response inhibition (Stop-Signal Task). To examine the amount of proactive interference in a motor skill change task, participants were then asked to type a short paragraph as fast and accurately as possible on a regular computer keyboard. After this baseline measure, in order to induce proactive interference, they were confronted with a manipulated keyboard on which the letters S and L were switched. This change led to an immediate performance decline, observable in increased typing times and errors. Results also showed that larger performance decrements were significantly associated with better baseline performance, lower scores on prepotent response inhibition and higher scores on resistance to distractor interference. Besides supporting the idea of inhibition as a multidimensional construct, these findings replicate and confirm recent research indicating that the success in motor skill change is predicted by the ability to suppress prepotent response tendencies.
修改已经自动化的运动技能通常会导致前摄干扰，从而导致初始表现下降。处理干扰与抑制功能密切相关，因为需要抑制来抑制自动的但不希望的行为。本研究的目的是调查三种不同的抑制维度在运动技能变化中的干扰控制作用。为此，42 名参与者每人进行了三项测试，每项测试都测量了抑制的不同维度：对干扰物的抵抗（Eriksen-Flanker 任务）、对前摄干扰的抵抗（Brown-Peterson 变体）和优势反应抑制（停止信号任务）。为了在运动技能变化任务中检查前摄干扰的程度，然后要求参与者在常规计算机键盘上尽可能快速和准确地输入一段短段落。在这个基线测量之后，为了引起前摄干扰，他们会遇到一个按键被重新排列的键盘，其中 S 和 L 被调换了位置。这种变化导致了即时的表现下降，表现在打字时间增加和错误增加。结果还表明，较大的表现下降与更好的基线表现、较低的优势反应抑制得分和较高的干扰物抵抗得分显著相关。除了支持抑制作为一个多维结构的观点外，这些发现复制并证实了最近的研究结果，即运动技能变化的成功可以通过抑制优势反应倾向的能力来预测。
