Department of Strategy and Management, Norwegian School of Economics.
Social Identity and Morality Laboratory, Department of Psychology, New York University.
J Exp Psychol Appl. 2021 Sep;27(3):508-528. doi: 10.1037/xap0000355. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
The rise of peer-to-peer platforms has represented one of the major economic and societal developments observed in the last decade. We investigated whether people engage in racial discrimination in the sharing economy, and how such discrimination might be explained and mitigated. Using a set of carefully controlled experiments ( = 1,599), including a pre-registered study on a nationally representative sample, we find causal evidence for racial discrimination. When an identical apartment is presented with a racial out-group (vs. in-group) host, people report more negative attitudes toward the apartment, lower intentions to rent it, and are 25% less likely to choose the apartment over a standard hotel room in an incentivized choice. Reduced self-congruence with apartments owned by out-group hosts mediates these effects. Left-leaning liberals rated the out-group host as trustworthy than the in-group host in non-committing judgments and hypothetical choice, but showed the same in-group preference as right-leaning conservatives when making a real choice. Thus, people may overstate their moral and political aspirations when doing so is cost-free. However, even in incentivized choice, racial discrimination disappeared when the apartment was presented with an explicit trust cue, as a visible top-rating by other consumers (5/5 stars). (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2021 APA, all rights reserved).
对等平台的兴起是过去十年中观察到的主要经济和社会发展之一。我们研究了人们在共享经济中是否存在种族歧视，以及这种歧视如何得到解释和缓解。通过一系列精心控制的实验（n=1599），包括一项针对全国代表性样本的预先注册研究，我们发现了种族歧视的因果证据。当同一套公寓由一个种族外群体（与内群体）的主人呈现时，人们对该公寓的态度更负面，租房的意愿更低，并且在有激励的选择中，选择该公寓而不是标准酒店房间的可能性降低了 25%。与外群体主人拥有的公寓的自我一致性降低中介了这些影响。在非承诺性判断和假设性选择中，左倾自由派比内群体主人更信任外群体主人，但在做出实际选择时，他们与右倾保守派表现出相同的内群体偏好。因此，当这样做没有成本时，人们可能会夸大自己的道德和政治抱负。然而，即使在有激励的选择中，当公寓呈现出明确的信任信号，即其他消费者的可见五星评价时，种族歧视也会消失。
