Hasan Tasnim, Beardsley Justin, Marais Ben J, Nguyen Thu Anh, Fox Greg J
Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
The Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Glebe, NSW 2037, Australia.
Vaccines (Basel). 2021 Apr 1;9(4):326. doi: 10.3390/vaccines9040326.
The global drive to vaccinate against severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) began in December 2020 with countries in Europe, Middle East, and North America leading the roll out of a mass-vaccination program. This systematic review synthesised all available English-language guidelines and research regarding mass-vaccination for COVID-19 until 1 March 2021-the first three months of the global mass-vaccination effort. Data were extracted from national websites, PubMed, Embase, Medline and medRxiv, including peer and non-peer review research findings. A total of 15 national policy documents were included. Policies were summarised according to the World Health Organisation (WHO) framework for mass vaccination. All included policies prioritised front-line health care workers and the elderly. Limited information was available regarding staffing, cold chain, communication strategies and infrastructure requirements for effective vaccine delivery. A total of 26 research studies were identified, reporting roll-out strategies, vaccine uptake and reasons for refusal, adverse effects, and real-life estimates of efficacy. Early data showed a reduction in SARS-CoV-2 cases, hospitalisation and deaths in settings with good coverage. Very low rates of vaccine-related serious adverse events were observed. These findings provide an overview of current practice and early outcomes of COVID-19 mass-vaccination, guiding countries where roll-out is yet to commence.
全球针对严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的疫苗接种行动始于2020年12月，欧洲、中东和北美的国家率先开展大规模疫苗接种计划。本系统综述综合了截至2021年3月1日——全球大规模疫苗接种行动的前三个月——所有可用的关于COVID-19大规模疫苗接种的英文指南和研究。数据从国家网站、PubMed、Embase、Medline和medRxiv提取，包括同行评审和非同行评审的研究结果。共纳入15份国家政策文件。政策根据世界卫生组织（WHO）的大规模疫苗接种框架进行总结。所有纳入的政策都将一线医护人员和老年人列为优先对象。关于有效疫苗接种所需的人员配备、冷链、沟通策略和基础设施要求的信息有限。共识别出26项研究，报告了推广策略、疫苗接种率和拒绝接种的原因、不良反应以及实际疗效评估。早期数据显示，在疫苗接种覆盖率高的地区，SARS-CoV-2病例、住院率和死亡率有所下降。观察到与疫苗相关的严重不良事件发生率极低。这些发现概述了COVID-19大规模疫苗接种的当前做法和早期结果，为尚未开始推广的国家提供了指导。
