坚持不仅仅是在场：一个由非专业人员主导的、以居家为基础的方案，包括身体锻炼、营养改善和社会支持，用于体弱和虚弱的社区居住老年人。
Adherence Is More Than Just Being Present: Example of a Lay-Led Home-Based Programme with Physical Exercise, Nutritional Improvement and Social Support, in Prefrail and Frail Community-Dwelling Older Adults.
机构信息
Karl-Landsteiner Institute for Health Promotion Research, 3454 Sitzenberg-Reidling, Austria.
Social Insurance Fund for Public Service, Railway and Mining Industries, Gesundheitseinrichtung Sitzenberg-Reidling, 3454 Sitzenberg-Reidling, Austria.
出版信息
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 15;18(8):4192. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18084192.
BACKGROUND
Little is known about the implementation of lifestyle interventions in frail, community-dwelling people. This study highlights different domains of adherence to explain an effectively delivered home-based intervention.
METHODS
Eighty prefrail and frail persons (≥65 years) participated in a physical training, nutritional, and social support intervention over 24 weeks. A detailed log book was kept for comprehensive documentation in order to assess adherence and further organizational, exercise, and nutritional parameters.
RESULTS
Participants reached an adherence rate (performed home visits/number of planned visits) of 84.0/80.5% from week 1-12/13-24. Out of those, 59% carried out ≥75% of the offered visits. Older age was associated with a higher adherence rate. A mean of 1.5 (0.6) visits/week (2 were planned) were realized lasting for a mean of 1.5 (0.9) hours (154% of the planned duration). Per visit, 1.2 (0.6) circuits of strength training were performed (60.5% of the planned value) and 0.5 (0.3) nutritional interventions (47%). After twelve months, 4.2% still carried out the home visits regularly and 25.0% occasionally.
CONCLUSION
Adherence is much more than "being there". Adherence rate and category are limited parameters to describe the implementation of a complex lifestyle intervention, therefore a comprehensive documentation is needed.
背景
对于虚弱、居住在社区的人群中实施生活方式干预措施，我们知之甚少。本研究强调了不同的依从性领域，以解释一项有效的基于家庭的干预措施。
方法
80 名衰弱前期和衰弱期（≥65 岁）的患者参与了一项为期 24 周的身体训练、营养和社会支持干预。详细的日志记录用于全面记录，以评估依从性以及进一步的组织、运动和营养参数。
结果
参与者在第 1-12 周/第 13-24 周的依从率（进行家访次数/计划家访次数）分别达到了 84.0%/80.5%。其中，59%的人完成了≥75%的家访次数。年龄较大与更高的依从率相关。平均每周进行 1.5（0.6）次家访（计划进行 2 次），每次家访持续 1.5（0.9）小时（计划时间的 154%）。每次家访完成 1.2（0.6）次力量训练循环（计划值的 60.5%）和 0.5（0.3）次营养干预（47%）。在 12 个月后，仍有 4.2%的人定期进行家访，25.0%的人偶尔进行家访。
结论
依从性不仅仅是“到场”。依从率和类别是描述复杂生活方式干预措施实施情况的有限参数，因此需要进行全面记录。
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