Bastola Anup, Pyakurel Prajjwal, Rayamajhi Rajan Bikram, Shrestha Saugat, Thekkur Pruthu, Pandey Basudev, Bhandari Parmananda, Maharjan Anu, Edwards Jeffrey K
Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital, Ministry of Health and Population, Government of Nepal, Teku, Kathmandu 44600, Nepal.
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, B.P. Koirala Institute of Health Sciences, Dharan 56700, Nepal.
Trop Med Infect Dis. 2021 Apr 23;6(2):59. doi: 10.3390/tropicalmed6020059.
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is an increasing global concern, particularly in Southeast Asian countries like Nepal. The aim of this study was to determine the proportion of spp. and spp. among culture-positive bacterial isolates in blood and stool samples from 2015 to 2019 and their AMR pattern. Routinely collected data were abstracted from medical records and laboratory electronic databases of the Sukraraj Tropical and Infectious Disease Hospital (STIDH), Kathmandu, Nepal. All culture-positive bacterial isolates from blood and stool samples were included in the study. Among 390 blood cultures positive for bacterial isolates, spp. were isolated in 44%, with Typhi being the most frequent (34%). Antibiotic resistance was demonstrated among spp. to ciprofloxacin (68%), ofloxacin (16%), amoxicillin (13%) and cotrimoxazole (5%). Of the 357 stool cultures positive for bacterial isolates, the proportion of spp. isolated was 31%. Antibiotic resistance among spp. was demonstrated to cotrimoxazole (59%), tetracycline (40%), amoxicillin (38%) and ciprofloxacin (25%). spp. and spp. were the most predominant organisms among all the bacterial isolates in blood and stool cultures, respectively. Nalidixic acid was the antibiotic to which both spp. and spp. were most resistant.
抗菌药物耐药性（AMR）是一个日益引起全球关注的问题，在尼泊尔等东南亚国家尤为如此。本研究的目的是确定2015年至2019年血液和粪便样本中培养阳性细菌分离株中 spp. 和 spp. 的比例及其AMR模式。从尼泊尔加德满都苏克拉拉杰热带和传染病医院（STIDH）的病历和实验室电子数据库中提取常规收集的数据。该研究纳入了血液和粪便样本中所有培养阳性的细菌分离株。在390份细菌分离株血培养阳性样本中，spp. 的分离率为44%，其中伤寒杆菌最为常见（34%）。spp. 对环丙沙星（68%）、氧氟沙星（16%）、阿莫西林（13%）和复方新诺明（5%）表现出抗生素耐药性。在357份细菌分离株粪便培养阳性样本中，spp. 的分离比例为31%。spp. 对复方新诺明（59%）、四环素（40%）、阿莫西林（38%）和环丙沙星（25%）表现出抗生素耐药性。spp. 和 spp. 分别是血液和粪便培养中所有细菌分离株中最主要的微生物。萘啶酸是spp. 和 spp. 最耐药的抗生素。
