Bioimaging Research Hub, Cardiff School of Biosciences, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3AX, Wales, UK.
Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Apr 23;22(9):4415. doi: 10.3390/ijms22094415.
The recent discovery of nuclear and perinuclear perlecan in annulus fibrosus and nucleus pulposus cells and its known matrix stabilizing properties in tissues introduces the possibility that perlecan may also have intracellular stabilizing or regulatory roles through interactions with nuclear envelope or cytoskeletal proteins or roles in nucleosomal-chromatin organization that may regulate transcriptional factors and modulate gene expression. The nucleus is a mechano-sensor organelle, and sophisticated dynamic mechanoresponsive cytoskeletal and nuclear envelope components support and protect the nucleus, allowing it to perceive and respond to mechano-stimulation. This review speculates on the potential roles of perlecan in the nucleus based on what is already known about nuclear heparan sulphate proteoglycans. Perlecan is frequently found in the nuclei of tumour cells; however, its specific role in these diseased tissues is largely unknown. The aim of this review is to highlight probable roles for this intriguing interactive regulatory proteoglycan in the nucleus of normal and malignant cell types.
最近在纤维环和髓核细胞中发现核周和核周蛋白聚糖及其在组织中的已知基质稳定特性，这使得蛋白聚糖可能通过与核膜或细胞骨架蛋白的相互作用，或在核小体染色质组织中的作用而具有细胞内稳定或调节作用，从而调节转录因子并调节基因表达。细胞核是一个机械感受器细胞器，复杂的动态机械响应细胞骨架和核膜成分支持和保护细胞核，使其能够感知和响应机械刺激。基于已知的核肝素硫酸蛋白聚糖，本综述推测了蛋白聚糖在细胞核中的潜在作用。蛋白聚糖经常在肿瘤细胞的核中发现；然而，其在这些病变组织中的具体作用在很大程度上尚不清楚。本综述的目的是强调这种有趣的交互调节蛋白聚糖在正常和恶性细胞类型的细胞核中的可能作用。
