Tannylated Calcium Carbonate Materials with Antacid, Anti-Inflammatory, and Antioxidant Effects.

Calcium carbonate (CaCO)-based materials have received notable attention for biomedical applications owing to their safety and beneficial characteristics, such as pH sensitivity, carbon dioxide (CO) gas generation, and antacid properties. Herein, to additionally incorporate antioxidant and anti-inflammatory functions, we prepared tannylated CaCO (TA-CaCO) materials using a simple reaction between tannic acid (TA), calcium (Ca), and carbonate (CO) ions. TA-CaCO synthesized at a molar ratio of 1:75 (TA:calcium chloride (CaCl)/sodium carbonate (NaCO)) showed 3-6 μm particles, comprising small nanoparticles in a size range of 17-41 nm. The TA-CaCO materials could efficiently neutralize the acid solution and scavenge free radicals. In addition, these materials could significantly reduce the mRNA levels of pro-inflammatory factors and intracellular reactive oxygen species, and protect chondrocytes from toxic hydrogen peroxide conditions. Thus, in addition to their antacid property, the prepared TA-CaCO materials exert excellent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects through the introduction of TA molecules. Therefore, TA-CaCO materials can potentially be used to treat inflammatory cells or diseases.