Department of Soil Science and Agricultural Chemistry, Institute of Agriculture, Visva Bharati 731236, Sriniketan, India.
Agricultural and Ecological Research Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata 700108, India.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021 Apr 27;18(9):4643. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18094643.
Rice-based diet faces an important public health concern due to arsenic (As) accumulation in rice grain, which is toxic to humans. Rice crops are prone to assimilate As due to continuously flooded cultivation. In this study, the objective was to determine how water regimes (flooded and aerobic) in rice cultivation impact total As and inorganic As speciation in rice on the basis of a field-scale trial in the post-monsoon season. Iron and silicon with NPK/organic manure were amended in each regime. We hypothesised that aerobic practice receiving amendments would reduce As uptake in rice grain with a subsequent decrease in accumulation of inorganic As species relative to flooded conditions (control). Continuously flooded conditions enhanced soil As availability by 32% compared to aerobic conditions. Under aerobic conditions, total As concentrations in rice decreased by 62% compared to flooded conditions. Speciation analyses revealed that aerobic conditions significantly reduced ( < 0.05) arsenite (68%) and arsenate (61%) accumulation in rice grains. Iron and silicon exhibited significant impact on reducing arsenate and arsenite uptake in rice, respectively. The study indicates that aerobic rice cultivation with minimum use of irrigation water can lead to lower risk of inorganic As exposure to rice relative to flooded practice.
由于大米中的砷（As）积累，以大米为主的饮食面临着一个重要的公共健康问题，因为砷对人类是有毒的。由于持续的淹水种植，水稻作物容易吸收砷。在这项研究中，我们的目的是基于后季风季节的田间试验，确定水稻种植中的水分管理（淹水和有氧）如何影响大米中的总砷和无机砷形态。在每个处理中，都添加了铁和硅与 NPK/有机肥。我们假设，接受施肥的有氧实践将减少水稻籽粒对砷的吸收，从而减少无机砷的积累，与淹水条件（对照）相比。与有氧条件相比，淹水条件使土壤中的砷含量增加了 32%。在有氧条件下，与淹水条件相比，大米中的总砷浓度降低了 62%。形态分析表明，有氧条件显著降低了（<0.05）水稻籽粒中砷酸盐（68%）和亚砷酸盐（61%）的积累。铁和硅分别对减少水稻对砷酸盐和亚砷酸盐的吸收有显著影响。该研究表明，与淹水种植相比，有氧条件下少用水灌溉的水稻种植可以降低无机砷暴露的风险。
