Patient-centered care: Dietitians' perspectives and experiences.

OBJECTIVE

To (1) explore RDNs' descriptions of patient-centered care (PCC), (2) measure Registered Dietitian Nutritionists' (RDNs) preferences for PCC and (3) identify factors that affect RDNs' PCC preferences.

METHODS

A survey instrument including two open-ended items exploring RDN descriptions of and experiences with PCC, the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS), and various factors that could influence PCC (e.g., work intensification, work engagement, and work/demographic characteristics) was expert reviewed, pilot tested, and distributed electronically to 4697 RDNs. A regression analysis was conducted, and two open-ended items were qualitatively analyzed.

RESULTS

Three themes emerged when RDNs described PCC (n = 375): dietitian/patient relationship (95.7%), organizational influence (64.4%), and interprofessional teams (26.3%). RDNs (n = 318) scored 4.60/6 on the PPOS. Higher levels of work engagement were predictive of higher PPOS scores, and heavier workloads were predictive of lower PPOS scores (p < 0.05). Primary work position also influenced PPOS scores (p<0.05).

CONCLUSION

RDNs have varying personal definitions of and experiences with PCC, however there are common themes. RDNs generally prefer PCC and score moderately high on the PPOS.

PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS

To strengthen preferences for PCC, managers should create manageable workloads and prioritize work engagement. Continued emphasis on interprofessional collaboration with and organizational promotion of RDNs could improve PCC.