Edith Cowan University, School of Medical and Health Sciences, JoondalupWestern Australia, Australia.
The Code 9 Foundation, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.
Prehosp Disaster Med. 2021 Aug;36(4):475-480. doi: 10.1017/S1049023X21000431. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
First responders are at greater risk of mental ill health and compromised well-being compared to the general population. It is important to identify strategies that will be effective in supporting mental health, both during and after the first responder's career.
A scoping review was conducted using the PubMed database (1966 to October 1, 2020) and the Google Scholar database (October 1, 2020) using relevant search terms, truncation symbols, and Boolean combination functions. The reference lists of all relevant publications were also reviewed to identify further publications.
A total of 172 publications were retrieved by the combined search strategies. Of these, 56 met the inclusion criteria and informed the results of this overview paper. These publications identified that strategies supporting first responder mental health and well-being need to break down stigma and build resilience. Normalizing conversations around mental health is integral for increasing help-seeking behaviors, both during a first responder's career and in retirement. Organizations should consider the implementation of both pre-retirement and post-retirement support strategies to improve mental health and well-being.
Strategies for supporting mental health and well-being need to be implemented early in the first responder career and reinforced throughout and into retirement. They should utilize holistic approaches which encourage "reaching in" rather than placing an onus on first responders to "reach out" when they are in crisis.
与一般人群相比，急救人员面临更大的心理健康问题和幸福感受损风险。重要的是要确定在急救人员的职业生涯期间和之后都能有效支持心理健康的策略。
使用 PubMed 数据库（1966 年至 2020 年 10 月 1 日）和 Google Scholar 数据库（2020 年 10 月 1 日），使用相关的搜索词、截断符号和布尔组合函数进行了范围综述。还审查了所有相关出版物的参考文献列表，以确定进一步的出版物。
综合搜索策略共检索到 172 篇出版物。其中，56 篇符合纳入标准，并为本文概述提供了信息。这些出版物指出，支持急救人员心理健康和幸福感的策略需要打破污名化并建立韧性。使心理健康方面的对话正常化对于提高急救人员在职业生涯和退休期间的求助行为至关重要。组织应考虑实施退休前和退休后的支持策略，以改善心理健康和幸福感。
支持心理健康和幸福感的策略需要在急救人员职业生涯早期实施，并在整个职业生涯和退休期间加强。它们应该采用整体方法，鼓励“伸出援手”，而不是将责任强加给急救人员，让他们在危机中“伸出援手”。
