Department of Soils and Agricultural Engineering, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Department of Hydraulics and Sanitation, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2022 Mar;200(3):1455-1463. doi: 10.1007/s12011-021-02736-9. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Consumption of yerba mate occurs mostly in the form of hot infusion (chimarrão). Water solubility of elements found in commercialized yerba mate is needed to establish nutritional value and risks associated with potentially toxic elements. In this study, yerba mate products marketed in three Brazilian states (Paraná, Santa Catarina, and Rio Grande do Sul) for chimarrão were analyzed. Total (dry product) and hot water-soluble concentrations of Al, As, B, Ba, Ca, Cd, Co, Cs, Cu, Fe, K, Li, Mg, Mn, Mo, Ni, P, Pb, Rb, S, Se, Sr, Ti, V, and Zn were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS). Total concentrations of the ten top elements followed the order of K>Ca>Mg>Mn>P>S>Al>Fe>Ba>Zn. The most soluble elements were B, Cs, Ni, Rb, and K, with values greater than 80%. The lowest water-soluble elements were V, Fe, and Ti (values <10%), followed by Ba, Cd, Al, As, Sr, Ca, and Pb with solubility between 10 and 20%. Although total Cd levels in yerba mate products were often above those permitted by South America legislation, estimated daily consumption intake indicated no risk associated with the chimarrão beverage. Manganese was the micronutrient with the highest total and soluble levels in yerba mate, which surpassed recommended daily intake values when considering a consumption amount of 50 g day of yerba mate as chimarrão. The consumption of yerba mate is safe and contributes to intake of nutrients. The Cd and Pb reference values of yerba mate products sold in South America should be revised.
马黛茶的消费主要以热浸提（chimarão）的形式出现。为了确定与潜在有毒元素相关的营养价值和风险，需要了解商业化马黛茶中元素的水溶性。在这项研究中，分析了在巴西三个州（巴拉那州、圣卡塔琳娜州和南里奥格兰德州）销售的用于 chimarrão 的马黛茶产品。采用电感耦合等离子体质谱法（ICP-MS）测定了总（干产品）和热水可溶浓度的 Al、As、B、Ba、Ca、Cd、Co、Cs、Cu、Fe、K、Li、Mg、Mn、Mo、Ni、P、Pb、Rb、S、Se、Sr、Ti、V 和 Zn。十种主要元素的总浓度顺序为 K＞Ca＞Mg＞Mn＞P＞S＞Al＞Fe＞Ba＞Zn。最易溶解的元素是 B、Cs、Ni、Rb 和 K，其值大于 80%。水溶性最低的元素是 V、Fe 和 Ti（<10%），其次是 Ba、Cd、Al、As、Sr、Ca 和 Pb，其溶解度在 10-20%之间。尽管马黛茶产品中的总 Cd 水平通常高于南美立法允许的水平，但估计的每日摄入量表明，chimarrão 饮料不会带来风险。锰是马黛茶中总浓度和可溶浓度最高的微量元素，当考虑每天饮用 50 克马黛茶作为 chimarrão 时，超过了推荐的每日摄入量。饮用马黛茶是安全的，并有助于摄入营养物质。应修订在南美洲销售的马黛茶产品的 Cd 和 Pb 参考值。
