Department of Plastic Surgery, Jinling Hospital, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui.
Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery and Vascular Biology Lab, Jinling Hospital.
J Craniofac Surg. 2021 Sep 1;32(6):2155-2158. doi: 10.1097/SCS.0000000000007531.
Defects resulted from the removal of large scars, benign tumors, severe pigmentation abnormalities, and vascular malformations, etc., in the scalp and face need to be repaired to restore the appearance. Here, the authors introduced the application of various expanded superficial temporal artery (STA) flaps in the repair of above defects.
From Jan. 2015 to Dec. 2018, 19 patients with craniofacial secondary defects received the repair with expanded STA flaps in our clinic. The defects were resulted from the removal of scalp scar (n = 6), neurofibroma (n = 4), sebaceous nevus (n = 3), arteriovenous malformation (n = 2), facial scar (n = 2), and port-wine stain (n = 2). The expanded STA flaps included 14 cases of flaps pedicled by parietal branch of STA, 2 cases of flaps pedicled by parietal branch of STA combined with laser hair removal, 1 case of flaps pedicled by frontal branch of STA, and 2 cases of prefabricated expanded skin flap with the superficial temporal fascia in the neck.
The two-stage operation and water-filling expansion were accomplished in all patients. All flaps survived well, except one flap with venous congestion, which resolved after blood-letting and application of drugs promoting venous draining. In the three to six months follow-up, the flaps' color, texture, and thickness were satisfying.
Individual application of different types of expanded STA flaps could achieve ideal results in repairing craniofacial secondary defects.
头皮和面部因切除大的瘢痕、良性肿瘤、严重色素异常和血管畸形等导致的缺损，需要修复以恢复外观。本文作者介绍了各种扩张的颞浅动脉（STA）皮瓣在上述缺损修复中的应用。
2015 年 1 月至 2018 年 12 月，作者所在科室应用扩张的 STA 皮瓣修复 19 例头面部继发缺损患者。缺损原因分别为头皮瘢痕切除（n=6）、神经纤维瘤（n=4）、皮脂腺痣（n=3）、动静脉畸形（n=2）、面部瘢痕（n=2）和葡萄酒色斑（n=2）。扩张的 STA 皮瓣包括：颞浅动脉顶支蒂皮瓣 14 例，颞浅动脉顶支联合激光脱毛蒂皮瓣 2 例，颞浅动脉额支蒂皮瓣 1 例，颈浅筋膜预置扩张皮瓣 2 例。
所有患者均完成了两期手术和注水扩张。除 1 例皮瓣静脉淤血外，其余皮瓣均全部存活，淤血皮瓣经放血和应用促进静脉回流的药物后得到解决。在 3 至 6 个月的随访中，皮瓣的颜色、质地和厚度均令人满意。
个体化应用不同类型的扩张 STA 皮瓣可获得理想的头面部继发缺损修复效果。
