从富砷铜冶炼烟尘中综合回收砷和锑。
Comprehensive recovery of arsenic and antimony from arsenic-rich copper smelter dust.
机构信息
College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, and Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Efficient and Clean Utilization of Manganese Resources, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China.
Intelligent Manufacturing Institute of HNUST, Hunan University of Science and Technology, Xiangtan 411201, China.
出版信息
J Hazard Mater. 2021 Jul 5;413:125365. doi: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125365. Epub 2021 Feb 9.
In view of reducing contaminant and recovery arsenic and antimony, a novel technology was proposed to recover arsenic and antimony from arsenic-rich copper smelter dust comprehensively. The technique route includes three stages: arsenic and antimony trioxides were leached from the copper smelter dust with hydrochloric acid; trivalent arsenic ions (As) were then reduced to less toxic simple arsenic (As) by sodium hypophosphate (NaHPO) and recovered; and stepwise recovery of antimony by SbCl was achieved by the continuous distillation technique. The results indicates that the leaching efficiency of As and Sb was over 97.5% and 96.8% under conditions of initial 4.0 mol/L HCl, liquid-solid ratio (L/S) of 6:1, leaching temperature of 363 K and time of 2 h. Over 92.5% arsenic was recovered by NaHPO reduction under the suitable conditions: 363 K, 1.5 h and 2.0 times addition of NaHPO. The recovery rate of Sb is more than 97.53% at 393 K. The distillation temperature of SbCl was optimized between 463 K and 473 K. The corresponding mechanisms of the leaching and recovering of arsenic and antimony were systematically investigated and confirmed by E-pH diagram, thermodynamic calculation, arsenic speciation, composition analysis and XRD characterization.
为了减少污染物的排放并回收砷和锑，提出了一种从富砷铜冶炼烟尘中综合回收砷和锑的新工艺。该技术路线包括三个阶段：用盐酸从铜冶炼烟尘中浸出砷和锑三氧化物；然后用次磷酸钠（NaHPO）将三价砷离子（As）还原为毒性较低的单质砷（As）并回收；通过连续蒸馏技术实现 SbCl 的分步回收。结果表明，在初始盐酸浓度为 4.0 mol/L、液固比（L/S）为 6:1、浸出温度为 363 K 和浸出时间为 2 h 的条件下，As 和 Sb 的浸出率分别超过 97.5%和 96.8%。在适宜条件下（363 K、1.5 h、NaHPO 添加量为 2 倍），NaHPO 还原可回收超过 92.5%的砷。在 393 K 时，Sb 的回收率超过 97.53%。优化了 SbCl 的蒸馏温度在 463 K 和 473 K 之间。通过 E-pH 图、热力学计算、砷形态分析、成分分析和 XRD 表征等方法，系统研究并证实了砷和锑浸出和回收的相应机制。
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