Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France.
Université de Paris, BFA, UMR 8251, CNRS, F-75013 Paris, France.
Biochimie. 2021 Jul;186:73-81. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2021.04.009. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
Prokineticins are family of small proteins involved in many important biological processes including food intake and control of energy balance. The prokineticin 2 (PROK2) is expressed in several peripheral tissues and areas in the central nervous system. PROK2 activates G protein-coupled receptors, namely, prokineticin receptor 1 (PROKR1) and prokineticin receptor 2 (PROKR2). Preclinical models exhibiting disturbances of the PROK2 pathway (at the level of PROK2 or its receptors) are characterized by changes in food intake, feeding behavior and insulin sensitivity related to a dysfunction of the energy balance control. In Humans, mutations of PROK2 and PROKR2 genes are associated to the Kallmann syndrome (KS) that affects both the hormonal reproductive axis and the sense of smell and may also lead to obesity. Moreover, plasma PROK2 concentration has been correlated with various cardiometabolic risk factors and type 2 diabetes (T2D). The present review summarizes knowledge on PROK2 structure, signaling and function focusing on its role in control of food intake and energy homeostasis.
亲分泌素是一类参与许多重要生物学过程的小蛋白家族，包括食物摄入和能量平衡的控制。亲分泌素 2（PROK2）在几个外周组织和中枢神经系统的区域表达。PROK2 激活 G 蛋白偶联受体，即亲分泌素受体 1（PROKR1）和亲分泌素受体 2（PROKR2）。表现出 PROK2 途径（在 PROK2 或其受体水平）紊乱的临床前模型的特征是食物摄入、摄食行为和与能量平衡控制功能障碍相关的胰岛素敏感性发生变化。在人类中，PROK2 和 PROKR2 基因的突变与卡尔曼综合征（KS）有关，该综合征影响激素生殖轴和嗅觉，也可能导致肥胖。此外，血浆 PROK2 浓度与各种心血管代谢风险因素和 2 型糖尿病（T2D）相关。本综述总结了关于 PROK2 结构、信号和功能的知识，重点介绍了其在控制食物摄入和能量平衡中的作用。
