Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Section of Basic Research in Horticulture, Department of Plant Protection, Institute of Horticultural Sciences, Warsaw University of Life Sciences - SGGW (WULS-SGGW), Nowoursynowska 159, 02-776 Warsaw, Poland.
Sci Total Environ. 2021 Sep 1;785:147310. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.147310. Epub 2021 Apr 24.
It has already been proven that trees and shrubs, can efficiently remove particulate matter (PM) from air. However, almost nothing is known about PM accumulation by herbaceous plants (grasses and forbs) found in urban meadows. Meadows, unlike trees and shrubs, can be located close to roads, one of the main sources of PM in cites. The aim of this study was to investigate the tolerance to urban condition and PM accumulation in the immediate roads vicinity of selected plants species in urban meadows. PM accumulation of annual and perennial meadows was compared with that of lawns. Results were interpreted in the context of species composition, biomass production, soil conditions and ambient PM concentrations. Of the species grown in annual meadows, the highest PM accumulation was found in Achillea millefolium L., Chenopodium album L. and Echium vulgare L., while Centaurea scabiosa L., Echium vulgare L. and Convolvulus arvensis L. accumulated the largest amounts of PM in perennial meadows. PM deposition on plants was positively correlated with a feathery leaf shape. For species in the annual meadows, a positive correlation was also found between PM accumulation and the wax content on plants. The presence of hairs on leaves, leaf size and plant growth pattern had no effect on PM deposition on plants. PM accumulation in one square metre of urban meadow was on average greater than that of lawn, regardless of meadow species' composition, age and location. The greatest accumulation of PM was found in a perennial meadow with low biodiversity but the greatest biomass. It would appear that the biomass produced by meadows and canopy structure has a crucial impact on the amount of PM accumulated by meadow plants. The results obtained indicate that meadows could be an important element of nature-based solutions for mitigating air pollution in urbanised areas.
已经证明，树木和灌木可以有效地从空气中去除颗粒物（PM）。然而，对于城市草地中发现的草本植物（草和野花）对 PM 的积累几乎一无所知。草地与树木和灌木不同，它们可以位于靠近道路的地方，而道路是城市中 PM 的主要来源之一。本研究的目的是调查城市条件下的耐受性以及城市草地中选定植物物种在道路附近对 PM 的积累。比较了一年生和多年生草地与草坪的 PM 积累。结果从物种组成、生物量生产、土壤条件和环境 PM 浓度的角度进行了解释。在一年生草地中生长的物种中，PM 积累最高的是皱叶酸模、藜和千里光，而矢车菊、千里光和田旋花在多年生草地中积累了最多的 PM。植物上的 PM 沉积与羽毛状叶片形状呈正相关。对于一年生草地中的物种，PM 积累与植物上蜡含量之间也存在正相关关系。叶片上的毛、叶片大小和植物生长模式对 PM 在植物上的沉积没有影响。无论草地物种组成、年龄和位置如何，城市草地每平方米的 PM 积累平均大于草坪。PM 积累最多的是生物多样性低但生物量最大的多年生草地。看来，草地的生物量和冠层结构对草地植物积累的 PM 量有重要影响。研究结果表明，草地可能是城市地区减轻空气污染的基于自然的解决方案的一个重要组成部分。
