Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires de l'Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (LNERV-ISRA), BP 2057, Dakar, Sénégal.
Laboratoire National de l'Elevage et de Recherches Vétérinaires de l'Institut Sénégalais de Recherches Agricoles (LNERV-ISRA), BP 2057, Dakar, Sénégal.
Acta Trop. 2021 Aug;220:105932. doi: 10.1016/j.actatropica.2021.105932. Epub 2021 Apr 30.
Biting midges of the genus Culicoides (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) are the biological vectors of arboviruses of global importance in animal health. We characterized the physicochemical parameters that determine the density and composition of the main Culicoides species of veterinary interest in larval habitats of the Niayes region of Senegal. For this purpose, we combined larval and substrate sampling in the field in different habitat types with adult emergence and physicochemical analyses in the laboratory. Three major habitat types were identified, conditioning the predominant species of Culicoides and pH and the amount of organic matter were positively correlated with the abundance of larvae and emerging Culicoides, as opposed to salinity. The diversity of emerging Culicoides was positively correlated with pH while it was negatively correlated with salinity. Culicoides distinctipennis was the predominant species in the larval habitat group of freshwater lake edges. In the larval habitat group of pond and puddle edges, C. oxystoma and C. nivosus were predominant; both species were again most abundant in the larval habitat group of saltwater lake edges. These variabilities in physicochemical parameters support the distribution of different Culicoides species in different habitat groups. These results make it possible to implement effective, selective and environmental-friendly control measures but also to improve current models for estimating the abundance of adult vector populations at a local scale.
刺蝇属（双翅目：蠓科）的吸血蠓是对动物健康具有全球重要性的虫媒病毒的生物载体。我们描述了决定塞内加尔尼奥耶斯地区幼虫栖息地中主要兽医关注的库蠓物种密度和组成的物理化学参数。为此，我们在不同生境类型的野外结合了幼虫和基质采样，以及实验室中的成虫出现和物理化学分析。确定了三种主要的生境类型，这决定了库蠓的主要物种以及 pH 值和有机物的含量与幼虫和出现的库蠓的丰度呈正相关，而与盐度呈负相关。出现的库蠓的多样性与 pH 值呈正相关，而与盐度呈负相关。独特的库蠓是淡水湖岸边幼虫栖息地组的主要物种。在池塘和水坑边缘的幼虫栖息地组中，主要是 C. oxystoma 和 C. nivosus；这两个物种在盐水湖岸边的幼虫栖息地组中也最为丰富。这些物理化学参数的可变性支持了不同库蠓物种在不同生境组中的分布。这些结果使得能够实施有效、有选择性和对环境友好的控制措施，并且还可以改进当前用于估计当地成年病媒种群丰度的模型。
