University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Biomedical Sciences of Cells and Systems, Cognitive Neuroscience Center, Groningen, the Netherlands.
Department of Psychiatry and Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden University Medical Center, Department of Psychiatry, Leiden, the Netherlands.
J Affect Disord. 2021 Jun 15;289:31-45. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.04.009. Epub 2021 Apr 20.
The longitudinal Netherlands Study of Depression and Anxiety (NESDA) Neuroimaging study was set up in 2003 to investigate whether neuroanatomical and functional abnormalities during tasks of primary emotional processing, executive planning and memory formation, and intrinsic brain connectivity are i) shared by individuals with major depressive disorder (MDD) and common anxiety disorders; and ii) characterized by symptomatology-specific abnormalities. Furthermore, questions related to individual variations in vulnerability for onset, comorbidity, and longitudinal course could be investigated. Between 2005 and 2007, 233 individuals fulfilling a diagnosis of MDD, panic disorder, social anxiety disorder and/or generalized anxiety disorder and 68 healthy controls aging between 18 and 57 were invited from the NESDA main sample (n = 2981). An emotional faces processing task, an emotional word-encoding task, and an executive planning task were administered during 3T BOLD-fMRI acquisitions. In addition, resting state BOLD-fMRI was acquired and T1-weighted structural imaging was performed. All participants were invited to participate in the two-year and nine-year follow-up MRI measurement. Fifteen years of NESDA Neuroimaging demonstrated common morphological and neurocognitive abnormalities across individuals with depression and anxiety disorders. It however provided limited support for the idea of more extensive abnormalities in patients suffering from both depression and anxiety, despite their worse prognosis. Risk factors including childhood maltreatment and specific risk genes had an emotion processing modulating effect, apparently stronger than effects of diagnostic labels. Furthermore, brain imaging data, especially during emotion processing seemed valuable for predicting the long-term course of affective disorders, outperforming prediction based on clinical information alone.
荷兰抑郁和焦虑纵向研究（NESDA）神经影像学研究于 2003 年成立，旨在调查原发性情绪处理、执行计划和记忆形成以及内在大脑连接过程中的神经解剖和功能异常是否：i）在患有重度抑郁症（MDD）和常见焦虑障碍的个体中共同存在；ii）具有症状特异性异常。此外，还可以研究与发病、共病和纵向病程个体差异相关的问题。2005 年至 2007 年，从 NESDA 主要样本（n=2981）中邀请了 233 名符合 MDD、惊恐障碍、社交焦虑障碍和/或广泛性焦虑障碍诊断的个体和 68 名年龄在 18 至 57 岁之间的健康对照者。在 3T BOLD-fMRI 采集期间进行了情绪面孔处理任务、情绪词汇编码任务和执行计划任务。此外，还采集了静息状态 BOLD-fMRI 并进行了 T1 加权结构成像。所有参与者都被邀请参加为期两年和九年的后续 MRI 测量。15 年的 NESDA 神经影像学研究表明，抑郁和焦虑障碍患者存在共同的形态和神经认知异常。然而，尽管预后较差，但它对患有抑郁和焦虑的患者存在更广泛异常的观点提供的支持有限。风险因素，包括儿童期虐待和特定的风险基因，对情绪处理具有调节作用，其作用显然强于诊断标签的作用。此外，脑成像数据，尤其是在情绪处理期间，似乎对预测情感障碍的长期病程具有价值，优于仅基于临床信息的预测。
