Molecular Epidemiology Unit, Berlin Institute of Health at Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, associated partner of the German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Berlin, Germany.
Department of Environmental Immunology, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research-UFZ, Leipzig, Germany.
Allergy. 2021 Oct;76(10):3122-3132. doi: 10.1111/all.14890. Epub 2021 May 20.
Parabens, widely used as preservatives in cosmetics, foods, and other consumer products, are suspected of contributing to allergy susceptibility. The detection of parabens in the placenta or amniotic fluid raised concerns about potential health consequences for the child. Recently, an increased asthma risk following prenatal exposure has been reported. Here, we investigated whether prenatal paraben exposure can influence the risk for atopic dermatitis (AD).
261 mother-child pairs of the German mother-child study LINA were included in this analysis. Eight paraben species were quantified in maternal urine obtained at gestational week 34. According to the parental report of physician-diagnosed AD from age 1 to 8 years, disease onset, and persistence, childhood AD was classified into four different phenotypes.
4.6% (n = 12) and 12.3% (n = 32) of the children were classified as having very early-onset AD (until age two) either with or without remission, 11.9% (n = 31) as early-onset (after age two), and 3.1% (n = 8) as childhood-onset AD (after age six). Exposure to ethylparaben and n-butylparaben was associated with an increased risk to develop very early-onset AD without remission (EtP: adj.OR/95% CI:1.44/1.04-2.00,nBuP:adj.OR/95% CI:1.95/1.22-3.12). The effects of both parabens were predominant in children without a history of maternal AD and independent of children's sex.
Prenatal EtP or nBuP exposure may increase children's susceptibility for persistent AD with disease onset at very early age. This association was particularly pronounced in children without a history of maternal AD, indicating that children without a genetic predisposition are more susceptible to paraben exposure.
作为化妆品、食品和其他消费品中广泛使用的防腐剂，对羟基苯甲酸酯被怀疑会导致过敏易感性。胎盘或羊水内检测到对羟基苯甲酸酯会引起人们对儿童潜在健康后果的担忧。最近有报道称，产前暴露于对羟基苯甲酸酯会增加哮喘风险。在这里，我们研究了产前对羟基苯甲酸酯暴露是否会影响特应性皮炎（AD）的风险。
本研究分析了德国母婴研究 LINA 中的 261 对母婴。在妊娠第 34 周时，从母亲尿液中定量检测了 8 种对羟基苯甲酸酯。根据父母报告的 1 至 8 岁时由医生诊断的 AD、发病和持续时间，将儿童 AD 分为四种不同表型。
261 对母婴中，4.6%（n=12）和 12.3%（n=32）的儿童分别被归类为早发性 AD（2 岁之前发病，有或无缓解）和非常早发性 AD（2 岁之前发病，无缓解），11.9%（n=31）为早发性 AD（2 岁后发病），3.1%（n=8）为儿童期发病 AD（6 岁后发病）。乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯和正丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯暴露与非常早发性 AD 无缓解的发病风险增加相关（EtP：调整后的 OR/95%CI：1.44/1.04-2.00，nBuP：调整后的 OR/95%CI：1.95/1.22-3.12）。这两种对羟基苯甲酸酯的作用在没有母体 AD 病史的儿童中更为显著，且独立于儿童的性别。
产前乙基对羟基苯甲酸酯或正丁基对羟基苯甲酸酯暴露可能会增加儿童对发病年龄非常早的持续性 AD 的易感性。这种关联在没有母体 AD 病史的儿童中尤为明显，表明没有遗传易感性的儿童更容易受到对羟基苯甲酸酯暴露的影响。
