Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Institute for Breathing and Sleep, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia; Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, Austin Health, Heidelberg, Victoria, Australia.
Sleep Health. 2021 Oct;7(5):644-651. doi: 10.1016/j.sleh.2021.01.009. Epub 2021 Apr 29.
To determine whether continuous eye blink measures could identify drowsiness in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during a week of naturalistic driving.
Observational study comparing OSA patients and healthy controls.
Regular naturalistic driving across one week.
Fifteen untreated moderate to severe OSA patients and 15 age (± 5 years) and sex (female = 6) matched healthy controls.
Participants wore an eye blink drowsiness recording device during their regular driving for one week.
During regular driving, the duration of time with no ocular movements (quiescence), was elevated in the OSA group by 43% relative to the control group (mean [95% CI] 0.20[0.17, 0.25] vs 0.14[0.12, 0.18] secs, P = .011). During long drives only, the Johns Drowsiness Scale was also elevated and increased by 62% in the OSA group relative to the control group (1.05 [0.76, 1.33] vs 0.65 [0.36, 0.93], P = .0495). Across all drives, critical drowsiness events (defined by a Johns Drowsiness Scale score ≥2.6) were twice as frequent in the OSA group than the control group (rate ratio [95% CI] =1.93 [1.65, 2.25], P ≤ .001).
OSA patients were drowsier than healthy controls according to some of the continuous real time eye blink drowsiness measures. The findings of this pilot study suggest that there is potential for eye blink measures to be utilized to assess fitness to drive in OSA patients. Future work should assess larger samples, as well as the relationship of eye blink measures to conventional fitness to drive assessments and crash risk.
在一周的自然驾驶过程中，确定连续眨眼测量是否可以识别阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停（OSA）患者的困倦。
比较 OSA 患者和健康对照的观察性研究。
一周内常规自然驾驶。
15 名未经治疗的中重度 OSA 患者和 15 名年龄（±5 岁）和性别（女性=6）匹配的健康对照者。
参与者在一周的常规驾驶过程中佩戴眨眼困倦记录设备。
在常规驾驶过程中，与对照组相比，OSA 组无眼部运动（静止）的时间延长了 43%（平均[95%CI]0.20[0.17,0.25]vs0.14[0.12,0.18]secs，P=0.011）。仅在长距离驾驶时，约翰斯困倦量表也升高，OSA 组比对照组升高 62%（1.05[0.76,1.33]vs0.65[0.36,0.93]，P=0.0495）。在所有驾驶过程中，OSA 组的严重困倦事件（定义为约翰斯困倦量表评分≥2.6）频率是对照组的两倍（率比[95%CI]=1.93[1.65,2.25]，P≤0.001）。
根据一些连续实时眨眼困倦测量，OSA 患者比健康对照组更困倦。这项初步研究的结果表明，眨眼测量有可能用于评估 OSA 患者的驾驶能力。未来的工作应该评估更大的样本量，以及眨眼测量与传统驾驶能力评估和碰撞风险的关系。
