Xu Peipei, Chu Hong, Shao Xiaoyan, Jiang Ying, Guan Chaoyang, Chen Ming, Chen Bing
Department of Hematology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital Clinical College of Nanjing Medical University Nanjing, PR China.
Department of Pathology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School Nanjing, PR China.
Int J Clin Exp Pathol. 2021 Apr 15;14(4):455-462. eCollection 2021.
Multiple myeloma (MM) is a type of malignant disease that is characterized by a clonal proliferation of plasma cells within the bone marrow. Relapsed and refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) is a subtype of MM that is unreactive to salvage therapy and progresses during treatment or within 60 days of the last therapy in patients who achieved a minimal response before progression of disease. This usually results in a poor prognosis. Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) occurs when MM occasionally develops in tissues other than bones marrow. To the best of our knowledge, case studies of the presence of EMPs in the spleen have rarely been reported. Teratoma is a type of congenital tumor that consists of tissue that arises from pluripotent embryonic cells. Here we report a case of refractory immunoglobulin G (IgG) MM with both splenic plasmacytomas and a suspicious teratoma. To investigate the clinical and treatment features of patients under similar conditions, we also reviewed the available literature supporting the useful information in the pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of RRMM with EMP.
多发性骨髓瘤（MM）是一种恶性疾病，其特征是骨髓内浆细胞的克隆性增殖。复发难治性多发性骨髓瘤（RRMM）是MM的一种亚型，对挽救治疗无反应，且在疾病进展前获得最小反应的患者在治疗期间或最后一次治疗后60天内病情进展。这通常导致预后不良。髓外浆细胞瘤（EMP）是指MM偶尔在骨髓以外的组织中发生。据我们所知，脾脏中存在EMP的病例研究鲜有报道。畸胎瘤是一种先天性肿瘤，由多能胚胎细胞产生的组织构成。本文报告一例难治性免疫球蛋白G（IgG）MM合并脾浆细胞瘤及可疑畸胎瘤的病例。为了研究类似情况下患者的临床和治疗特征，我们还回顾了现有文献，这些文献为RRMM合并EMP的发病机制、诊断和治疗提供了有用信息。
