Russi E W
Departement für Innere Medizin, Universitätsspital Zürich.
Schweiz Med Wochenschr. 1988 Jun 11;118(23):910-3.
Bronchoscopy, which in most situations is performed by flexible fiber endoscopy, has become an indispensable diagnostic tool for pneumologists. Besides inspection of the airways, it is possible to obtain secretions or tissue under direct visual control, by transbronchial needle aspiration or by transbronchial forceps biopsy under fluoroscopic guidance. Cells from the alveolar space can be sampled by broncho-alveolar lavage. Adequately processed material is diagnostic for a few diseases, but valuable hints may be obtained in differential diagnosis. Laser light (Nd-YAG), transmissible through flexible quartz fibers, is opening up new therapeutic dimensions in bronchoscopy.
支气管镜检查在大多数情况下是通过可弯曲纤维内镜进行的，已成为肺病学家不可或缺的诊断工具。除了检查气道外，还可以在直接视觉控制下，通过经支气管针吸活检或在荧光透视引导下经支气管钳取活检获取分泌物或组织。肺泡腔的细胞可以通过支气管肺泡灌洗进行采样。经过适当处理的材料对一些疾病具有诊断价值，但在鉴别诊断中也可能获得有价值的线索。可通过柔性石英纤维传输的激光（钕钇铝石榴石）正在为支气管镜检查开辟新的治疗领域。
