State Key Laboratory of Severe Weather, Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, Beijing, China.
Resources College, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China.
PLoS One. 2021 May 3;16(5):e0250376. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0250376. eCollection 2021.
The effects of atmospheric aerosols on the terrestrial climate system are more regional than those of greenhouse gases, which are more global. Thus, it is necessary to examine the typical regional effects of how aerosols affect solar radiation in order to develop a more comprehensive understanding. In this study, we used global AErosol RObotic NETwork (AERONET) data and robust radiation observational evidence to investigate the impact of aerosols on total radiation, diffuse radiation, and the diffuse radiation fraction in China from 1961 to 2016. Our results showed that there were different temporal changes in the aerosol optical depth (AOD), total solar radiation, diffuse radiation and diffuse radiation fraction over the past 56 years. Specifically, the 550 nm AOD from 2005 to 2016 decreased significantly, with annual average AOD of 0.51. Meanwhile, the average total solar radiation reduced by 2.48%, while there was a slight increase in average diffuse radiation at a rate of 3.10 MJ·m-2·yr-1. Moreover, the spatial heterogeneities of AOD, total radiation, diffuse radiation, and the diffuse radiation fraction in China were significant. Aerosol particle emissions in the developed eastern and southern regions of China were more severe than those in the western regions, resulting in higher total radiation and diffuse radiation in the western plateau than in the eastern plain. In addition, aerosols were found to have negative effects on total radiation and sunshine hours, and positive effects on diffuse radiation and diffuse radiation fraction. Further, the diffuse radiation fraction was negatively correlated with sunshine hours. However, there was a positive correlation between AOD and sunshine hours. These results could be used to assess the impacts of climate change on terrestrial ecosystem productivity and carbon budgets.
气溶胶对陆地气候系统的影响比温室气体更具有区域性，而温室气体的影响则更具有全球性。因此，有必要研究气溶胶对太阳辐射的典型区域影响，以便更全面地了解这一问题。在本研究中，我们利用全球气溶胶机器人网络（AERONET）数据和稳健的辐射观测证据，调查了气溶胶对中国 1961 年至 2016 年总辐射、散射辐射和散射辐射比例的影响。结果表明，在过去的 56 年中，气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）、总太阳辐射、散射辐射和散射辐射比例的时间变化存在差异。具体而言，2005 年至 2016 年 550nm 的 AOD 显著下降，年平均 AOD 为 0.51。同时，总太阳辐射平均减少了 2.48%，而平均散射辐射略有增加，为 3.10 MJ·m-2·yr-1。此外，中国的 AOD、总辐射、散射辐射和散射辐射比例的空间异质性非常显著。中国东部和南部发达地区的气溶胶粒子排放比西部更严重，导致西部高原的总辐射和散射辐射高于东部平原。此外，气溶胶对总辐射和日照时数有负面影响，对散射辐射和散射辐射比例有积极影响。进一步的，散射辐射比例与日照时数呈负相关。然而，AOD 与日照时数呈正相关。这些结果可用于评估气候变化对陆地生态系统生产力和碳预算的影响。
