Psychology and Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health, Paderborn University, Germany.
Psychology and Movement Science, Department of Sport and Health, Paderborn University, Germany.
Neuroscience. 2022 Mar 15;486:4-19. doi: 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2021.04.016. Epub 2021 May 2.
Several event-related potentials (ERPs) are associated with the processing of valence-dependent augmented feedback during the practice of motor tasks. In this study, 38 students learned a sequential arm-movement-task with 192 trials in each of five practice sessions (960 practice trials in total), to examine practice-related changes in neural feedback processing. Electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded in the first and last practice session. An adaptive bandwidth for movement accuracy led to equal amounts of positive and negative feedback. A frontal located negative deflection in the time window of the feedback-related negativity (FRN) was more negative for negative feedback and might reflect reward prediction errors in reinforcement learning. This negativity increased after extensive practice, which might indicate that smaller errors are harder to identify in the later phase. The late fronto-central positivity (LFCP) was more positive for negative feedback and is assumed to be associated with supervised learning and behavioral adaptations based on feedback with higher complexity. No practice-related changes of the LFCP were observed, which suggests that complex feedback is processed independent from the practice phase. The P300 displayed a more positive activation for positive feedback, which might be interpreted as the higher significance of positive feedback for the updating of internal models in this setting. A valence-independent increase of the P300 amplitude after practice might reflect an improved ability to update the internal representation based on feedback information. These results demonstrate that valence-dependent neural feedback processing changes with extensive practice of a novel motor task. Dissociating changes in latencies of different components support the assumption that they are related to distinct mechanisms of feedback-dependent learning.
几种事件相关电位（ERPs）与运动任务练习过程中与效价相关的增强反馈的处理有关。在这项研究中，38 名学生在五个练习阶段中的每个阶段学习了一个顺序手臂运动任务，每个阶段有 192 次试验（总共 960 次练习试验），以检查与练习相关的神经反馈处理变化。在第一次和最后一次练习阶段记录脑电图（EEG）。运动准确性的自适应带宽导致正负反馈的数量相等。反馈相关负波（FRN）时间窗口中的额部负偏移对负反馈更负，可能反映强化学习中的奖励预测误差。这种负性在广泛的练习后增加，这可能表明在后期阶段更小的错误更难识别。后期额中央正波（LFCP）对负反馈更积极，假设与监督学习和基于反馈的行为适应有关，反馈具有更高的复杂性。没有观察到 LFCP 的与练习相关的变化，这表明复杂的反馈是独立于练习阶段处理的。P300 对正反馈表现出更积极的激活，这可能解释为在这种情况下，正反馈对更新内部模型的更高重要性。练习后 P300 振幅的独立增加可能反映了基于反馈信息更新内部表示的能力提高。这些结果表明，与新型运动任务的广泛练习相关，效价相关的神经反馈处理会发生变化。不同成分潜伏期的变化分离支持了它们与反馈相关学习的不同机制有关的假设。
