Midland Trauma System, Waikato District Health Board, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Waikato Clinical School, The University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand.
Emerg Med Australas. 2021 Dec;33(6):1036-1043. doi: 10.1111/1742-6723.13797. Epub 2021 May 4.
A causal relationship between alcohol consumption and injury exists and the prevalence of harmful alcohol intakes in New Zealand adults is high. The present study investigates compliance to blood alcohol (BA) screening policy and the epidemiological profile and hospital-related outcomes of trauma team activation (TTA) patients with positive BA at a New Zealand level 1 trauma centre.
A retrospective review of Midland Trauma Registry hospitalisation data between January 2012 and December 2019 was conducted. Eligible patients (n = 2168) were ≥15 years who received TTA at Waikato Hospital. BA screening rates, demographic and event information, injury severity and hospital-related outcomes were examined.
The average BA screening rate was 94.0% (95% confidence interval 92.9-95.0%) and 17.9% of screened patients were BA . BA patients were younger than BA (34.7 and 40.5 years, P < 0.0001). More males than females (20.6 and 12.4%, P < 0.0001), Māori (30.8%) compared to non-Māori (<16.0%) and unemployed/beneficiaries (33.4%) compared to employed patients (15.5%) were BA . Road transport crashes accounted for the highest proportion (45.2%) but, in comparison there were higher odds of BA from interpersonal violence (odds ratio 4.48, P < 0.0001). No difference between BA and BA was observed in survival rate, injury severity scores, length of intensive care and total hospital stay.
Between 2012 and 2019, Waikato Hospital demonstrated high compliance to BA screening policy for TTA patients. Appropriate alcohol awareness initiatives that focus on road safety and interpersonal violence are required to reduce the preventable prevalence and burden of alcohol-related trauma in the Waikato region.
饮酒与伤害之间存在因果关系，新西兰成年人的有害饮酒摄入量很高。本研究调查了新西兰 1 级创伤中心创伤小组激活（TTA）患者血液酒精（BA）筛查政策的遵守情况以及 BA 阳性患者的流行病学特征和与医院相关的结局。
对 2012 年 1 月至 2019 年 12 月期间 Midland 创伤登记处的住院数据进行回顾性审查。符合条件的患者（n=2168）年龄≥15 岁，在怀卡托医院接受 TTA。检查了 BA 筛查率、人口统计学和事件信息、损伤严重程度和与医院相关的结局。
平均 BA 筛查率为 94.0%（95%置信区间 92.9-95.0%），筛查患者中有 17.9%的 BA。BA 患者比 BA 患者年轻（34.7 和 40.5 岁，P<0.0001）。男性多于女性（20.6%和 12.4%，P<0.0001），毛利人（30.8%）多于非毛利人（<16.0%），失业/福利领取者（33.4%）多于就业者（15.5%） BA。道路交通碰撞占比最高（45.2%），但相比之下，人际暴力导致 BA 的可能性更高（优势比 4.48，P<0.0001）。BA 和 BA 之间在生存率、损伤严重程度评分、重症监护时间和总住院时间方面没有差异。
在 2012 年至 2019 年间，怀卡托医院对 TTA 患者的 BA 筛查政策遵守情况较高。需要开展适当的酒精意识宣传活动，重点关注道路安全和人际暴力，以减少怀卡托地区可预防的酒精相关创伤的发生率和负担。
