Lee Myeongseong, Koziel Jacek A, Murphy Wyatt, Jenks William S, Chen Baitong, Li Peiyang, Banik Chumki
Department of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Department of Chemistry, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
Animals (Basel). 2021 Apr 30;11(5):1289. doi: 10.3390/ani11051289.
It is essential to mitigate gaseous emissions that result from poultry and livestock production to increase industry sustainability. Odorous volatile organic compounds (VOCs), ammonia (NH), hydrogen sulfide (HS), and greenhouse gases (GHGs) have detrimental effects on the quality of life in rural communities, the environment, and climate. This study's objective was to evaluate the photocatalytic UV treatment of gaseous emissions of odor, odorous VOCs, NH, and other gases (GHGs, O-sometimes considered as by-products of UV treatment) from stored swine manure on a pilot-scale. The manure emissions were treated in fast-moving air using a mobile lab equipped with UV-A and UV-C lights and TiO-based photocatalyst. Treated gas airflow (0.25-0.76 m∙s) simulates output from a small ventilation fan in a barn. Through controlling the light intensity and airflow, UV dose was tested for techno-economic analyses. The treatment effectiveness depended on the UV dose and wavelength. Under UV-A (367 nm) photocatalysis, the percent reduction of targeted gases was up to (i) 63% of odor, (ii) 51%, 51%, 53%, 67%, and 32% of acetic acid, propanoic acid, butanoic acid, -cresol, and indole, respectively, (iii) 14% of nitrous oxide (NO), (iv) 100% of O, and 26% generation of CO. Under UV-C (185 + 254 nm) photocatalysis, the percent reductions of target gases were up to (i) 54% and 47% for -cresol and indole, respectively, (ii) 25% of NO, (iii) 71% of CH, and 46% and 139% generation of CO and O, respectively. The results proved that the UV technology was sufficiently effective in treating odorous gases, and the mobile lab was ready for farm-scale trials. The UV technology can be considered for the scaled-up treatment of emissions and air quality improvement inside livestock barns. Results from this study are needed to inform the experimental design for future on-farm research with UV-A and UV-C.
减轻家禽和家畜生产产生的气体排放对于提高行业可持续性至关重要。有气味的挥发性有机化合物（VOCs）、氨（NH₃）、硫化氢（H₂S）和温室气体（GHGs）对农村社区的生活质量、环境和气候都有不利影响。本研究的目的是在中试规模上评估光催化紫外线对储存猪粪产生的气味、有气味的VOCs、NH₃和其他气体（GHGs、O₃，有时被视为紫外线处理的副产物）的气体排放的处理效果。使用配备UV-A和UV-C灯以及TiO₂基光催化剂的移动实验室在快速流动的空气中处理粪便排放物。处理后的气体气流（0.25 - 0.76 m³∙s⁻¹）模拟谷仓中小通风扇的输出。通过控制光强度和气流，对紫外线剂量进行了技术经济分析。处理效果取决于紫外线剂量和波长。在UV-A（367 nm）光催化下，目标气体的减少百分比高达：（i）气味减少63%，（ii）乙酸、丙酸、丁酸、对甲酚和吲哚分别减少51%、51%、53%、67%和32%，（iii）一氧化二氮（N₂O）减少14%，（iv）O₃减少100%，CO₂生成26%。在UV-C（185 + 254 nm）光催化下，目标气体的减少百分比高达：（i）对甲酚和吲哚分别减少54%和47%，（ii）N₂O减少25%，（iii）CH₄减少71%，CO₂和O₃分别生成46%和139%。结果证明紫外线技术在处理有气味气体方面足够有效，并且移动实验室已准备好进行农场规模试验。紫外线技术可考虑用于扩大排放处理规模和改善牲畜舍内空气质量。本研究结果可为未来使用UV-A和UV-C进行农场研究的实验设计提供参考。
