Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing 100081, China.
Key Laboratory of Energy Conservation and Waste Treatment of Agricultural Structures, Ministry of Agriculture , Beijing 100081, China.
Environ Sci Technol. 2017 Apr 18;51(8):4503-4511. doi: 10.1021/acs.est.6b06430. Epub 2017 Mar 29.
Gaseous emissions from animal manure are considerable contributor to global ammonia (NH) and agriculture greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. Given the demand to promote mitigation of GHGs while fostering sustainable development of the Paris Agreement, an improvement of management systems is urgently needed to help mitigate climate change and to improve atmospheric air quality. This study presents a meta-analysis and an integrated assessment of gaseous emissions and mitigation potentials for NH, methane (CH), and nitrous oxide (NO) (direct and indirect) losses from four typical swine manure management systems (MMSs). The resultant emission factors and mitigation efficiencies allow GHG and NH emissions to be estimated, as well as mitigation potentials for different stages of swine operation. In particular, changing swine manure management from liquid systems to solid-liquid separation systems, coupled with mitigation measures, could simultaneously reduce GHG emissions by 65% and NH emissions by 78%. The resultant potential reduction in GHG emissions from China's pig production alone is greater than the entire GHG emissions from agricultural sector of France, Australia, or Germany, while the reduction in NH emissions is equivalent to 40% of the total NH emissions from the European Union. Thus, improved swine manure management could have a significant impact on global environment issues.
动物粪便排放的气体是全球氨（NH）和农业温室气体（GHG）排放的重要贡献者。鉴于需要促进温室气体减排，同时促进《巴黎协定》的可持续发展，迫切需要改进管理系统，以帮助减轻气候变化和改善大气空气质量。本研究对四种典型的猪粪管理系统（MMS）的 NH、甲烷（CH）和氧化亚氮（NO）（直接和间接）损失的气体排放和减排潜力进行了荟萃分析和综合评估。由此产生的排放因子和减排效率可以估计不同猪养殖阶段的 GHG 和 NH 排放，以及减排潜力。特别是，将猪粪管理从液体系统改为固液分离系统，并结合减排措施，可同时将 GHG 排放减少 65%，将 NH 排放减少 78%。仅中国猪生产产生的潜在 GHG 减排量就大于法国、澳大利亚或德国农业部门的全部 GHG 排放量，而 NH 排放量的减少相当于欧盟总 NH 排放量的 40%。因此，改进猪粪管理可以对全球环境问题产生重大影响。
