Turco Fabio, Tucci Marcello, Di Stefano Rosario Francesco, Samuelly Alessandro, Bungaro Maristella, Audisio Marco, Pisano Chiara, Di Maio Massimo, Scagliotti Giorgio Vittorio, Buttigliero Consuelo
Department of Oncology, University of Turin, at Division of Medical Oncology, San Luigi Gonzaga Hospital, Orbassano, Turin, Italy.
Medical Oncology Department, Cardinal Massaia Hospital, Asti, Italy.
Endocr Relat Cancer. 2021 Jun 2;28(7):R207-R216. doi: 10.1530/ERC-20-0457.
Obesity represents a well-known risk factor for renal cell carcinoma development. Several studies evaluated the relationship between obesity and outcome in patients with non-metastatic and metastatic renal cell carcinoma using different parameters such as BMI, visceral fat area and s.c. fat area. These studies suggest that obesity is associated with a better prognosis in renal cell carcinoma patients. This phenomenon is called obesity paradox and it was found in other diseases in which obesity represents an established risk factor such as heart failure, diabetes, atrial fibrillation, hypertension and coronary heart disease. The purpose of this review is to analyze the mechanisms by which obesity increases the risk of renal cell carcinoma development, to describe the evidence available to date about the link obesity-outcome and to evaluate the mechanisms to explain this apparently paradoxical relationship.
肥胖是肾细胞癌发生的一个众所周知的风险因素。多项研究使用不同参数（如体重指数、内脏脂肪面积和皮下脂肪面积）评估了肥胖与非转移性和转移性肾细胞癌患者预后之间的关系。这些研究表明，肥胖与肾细胞癌患者较好的预后相关。这种现象被称为肥胖悖论，在其他一些疾病中也有发现，在这些疾病中肥胖是一个既定的风险因素，如心力衰竭、糖尿病、心房颤动、高血压和冠心病。本综述的目的是分析肥胖增加肾细胞癌发生风险的机制，描述目前关于肥胖与预后之间联系的现有证据，并评估解释这种明显矛盾关系的机制。
