The Israel Defense Forces Medical Corps, Ramat Gan, Israel.
Department of Military Medicine, Hebrew University of Jerusalem Faculty of Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Curr Obes Rep. 2021 Sep;10(3):301-310. doi: 10.1007/s13679-021-00439-9. Epub 2021 May 5.
Rates of childhood obesity have been soaring in recent decades. The association between obesity in adulthood and excess morbidity and mortality has been readily established, whereas the association of childhood and adolescent obesity has not. The purpose of this review is to summarize existing data regarding the association of the presence of obesity in childhood/adolescence and early-onset adverse outcomes in adulthood, with specific focus on young adults under the age of 45 years.
Diabetes, cancer, and cardiometabolic outcomes in midlife are closely linked to childhood and adolescent obesity. Childhood and adolescent obesity confer major risks of excess and premature morbidity and mortality, which may be evident before age 30 years in both sexes. The scientific literature is mixed regarding the independent risk of illness, which may be attributed to childhood BMI regardless of adult BMI, and additional data is required to establish causality between the two. Nonetheless, the increasing prevalence of childhood and adolescent obesity may impose an increase of disease burden in midlife, emphasizing the need for effective interventions to be implemented at a young age.
近年来，儿童肥胖率飙升。肥胖与成年期发病率和死亡率增加之间的关系已经得到充分证实，而儿童和青少年肥胖与成年期发病率和死亡率增加之间的关系尚未得到证实。本综述的目的是总结目前关于儿童/青少年期肥胖与成年早期不良结局之间存在的关联的现有数据，特别关注年龄在 45 岁以下的年轻人。
中年时期的糖尿病、癌症和心血管代谢结局与儿童和青少年肥胖密切相关。儿童和青少年肥胖会带来过度和过早发病和死亡的重大风险，无论成年后的 BMI 如何，这种风险在两性中可能在 30 岁之前就显现出来。关于肥胖症无论是否与成年 BMI 相关，都会对疾病风险产生独立影响的说法，科学界的文献存在分歧，还需要更多的数据来确定两者之间的因果关系。尽管如此，儿童和青少年肥胖症的患病率不断上升，可能会导致中年时期疾病负担的增加，这强调了需要在年轻时实施有效的干预措施。
