Sahiledengle Biniyam, Teferu Zinash, Tekalegn Yohannes, Zenbaba Demisu, Seyoum Kenbon, Atlaw Daniel, Chattu Vijay Kumar
Department of Public Health, Madda Walabu University Goba Referral Hospital, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia.
Department of Midwifery, Goba Referral Hospital, School of Health Science, Madda Walabu University, Bale-Goba, Ethiopia.
Environ Health Insights. 2021 Apr 15;15:11786302211009894. doi: 10.1177/11786302211009894. eCollection 2021.
Childhood diarrhea is the major contributor to the deaths of children under the age of 5 years in Ethiopia, but evidence at the national level to identify the contributing factors associated with diarrhea by considering the clustering effects is limited. Hence, this study aimed to identify factors associated with childhood diarrhea at the individual and community levels.
A secondary data analysis was conducted using the 2011 and 2016 Ethiopian Demographic and Health Survey (EDHS) data. A total of 23 321 children with their mothers were included in this study, and multilevel logistic regression models were applied for the data analysis.
The odds of diarrhea among female children were 13% lower (AOR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.79-0.94) compared with male children. The odds of diarrhea among children aged between 13 and 24 months were 31% higher than (AOR = 1.31; 95% CI: 1.17-1.47) their younger counter parts. Children aged ⩾25 months (AOR = 0.50; 95% CI: 0.45-0.56), those whose mothers were unemployed (AOR = 0.79; 95% CI: 0.73-0.87), and children live in households between 2 and 3 under-5 children (AOR = 0.87; 95% CI: 0.79-0.96) were associated with lower odds of experiencing diarrhea. The odds of diarrhea among children whose mother had no formal education were 49% higher than (AOR = 1.49; 95% CI: 1.08-2.07) their counterparts. Besides, children residing in city administrations (AOR = 0.69; 95% CI: 0.58-0.82) had lower odds of experiencing diarrhea than children living in agrarian regions.
At the individual level (sex and age of the child, mother's employment status, and educational level, and the number of under-5 children) and the community-level (contextual region) were found to be significant factors associated with childhood diarrhea in Ethiopia.
在埃塞俄比亚，儿童腹泻是5岁以下儿童死亡的主要原因，但在国家层面上，考虑聚集效应来确定与腹泻相关的影响因素的证据有限。因此，本研究旨在确定个体和社区层面上与儿童腹泻相关的因素。
使用2011年和2016年埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查（EDHS）数据进行二次数据分析。本研究共纳入了23321名儿童及其母亲，并应用多水平逻辑回归模型进行数据分析。
女童患腹泻的几率比男童低13%（调整后比值比[AOR]=0.87；95%置信区间[CI]：0.79 - 0.94）。13至24个月大的儿童患腹泻的几率比年龄更小的儿童高31%（AOR = 1.31；95% CI：1.17 - 1.47）。25个月及以上的儿童（AOR = 0.50；95% CI：0.45 - 0.56）、母亲失业的儿童（AOR = 0.79；95% CI：0.73 - 0.87）以及生活在有2至3名5岁以下儿童家庭中的儿童（AOR = 0.87；95% CI：0.79 - 0.96）患腹泻的几率较低。母亲未接受过正规教育的儿童患腹泻的几率比其同龄人高49%（AOR = 1.49；95% CI：1.08 - 2.07）。此外，居住在城市行政区的儿童（AOR = 0.69；95% CI：0.58 - 0.82）患腹泻的几率低于生活在农业地区的儿童。
在埃塞俄比亚，个体层面（儿童的性别和年龄、母亲的就业状况、教育水平以及5岁以下儿童的数量）和社区层面（所处地区）被发现是与儿童腹泻相关的重要因素。
