Department of Statistics, Injibara University, Injibara, Ethiopia.
Department of Statistics, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 20;12:1369872. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1369872. eCollection 2024.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the spatio-temporal pattern of Ethiopia's childhood diarrheal disease and identify its contributing factors.
We conducted analyses on secondary data from four Ethiopian Demographic and Health Surveys conducted between 2000 and 2016. Moran's I was used to determine spatial dependence and spatial models were used to evaluate variables associated with diarrhea in under-five children at the zonal level.
Childhood diarrhea showed spatial clustering in Ethiopia (Moran's I; < 0.05). The spatial regression model revealed significant factors at the zonal level: children born at home ( = 1.355, 95% CI: 1.052-1.544, < 0.001), low birth weight ( = 1.18, 95% CI: 1.017-1.691, < 0.05), and unimproved source of water ( = 0.8568, 95% CI: 0.671-1.086, < 0.01).
The prevalence of diarrhea among under-five children varied over time by zone, with the Assosa, Hundene, and Dire Diwa zones having the highest rates. Home births and low birth weight contributed to the prevalence of childhood diarrhea. In high-risk zones of Ethiopia, reducing childhood diarrhea requires integrated child health interventions and raising awareness about the potential hazards associated with unimproved water sources.
本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚儿童腹泻病的时空模式，并确定其影响因素。
我们对 2000 年至 2016 年期间进行的四次埃塞俄比亚人口与健康调查的二次数据进行了分析。采用 Moran's I 检验来确定空间依赖性，并使用空间模型来评估五岁以下儿童腹泻的相关变量。
埃塞俄比亚儿童腹泻病存在空间聚集（Moran's I；<0.05）。空间回归模型显示，在区域层面上存在显著的影响因素：在家中出生的儿童（=1.355，95%置信区间：1.052-1.544，<0.001）、低出生体重（=1.18，95%置信区间：1.017-1.691，<0.05）和未改善水源（=0.8568，95%置信区间：0.671-1.086，<0.01）。
五岁以下儿童腹泻的流行率在不同区域随时间而变化，阿萨萨、洪德内和迪雷迪瓦地区的发病率最高。在家中分娩和低出生体重是导致儿童腹泻病流行的原因。在埃塞俄比亚的高风险地区，减少儿童腹泻病需要综合儿童健康干预措施，并提高对未改善水源相关潜在危害的认识。
