Chen Han, Yao Ye, Wang Wenbo, Wang Dongsheng
Institute of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Hunan Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Gan of State Administration, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China.
Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2021 Apr 16;2021:5585952. doi: 10.1155/2021/5585952. eCollection 2021.
The Ge-Gen-Jiao-Tai-Wan (GGJTW) formula has been used to treat type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in China for a long time. Our previous study has proved that GGJTW could alleviate the type 2 diabetic symptoms, but the underlying mechanisms are still unclear. This study aimed to investigate the changes in gut microbiota and primary bile acids (PBAs) to determine the potential mechanisms of GGJTW in treating T2DM.The fecal transplant method and pseudogerm-free rats were used in our study.The16S rRNA gene sequencing method was used to analyze the changes in the intestinal flora, and PBAs in the colon contents were detected. Finally, the expression of farnesoid receptor (FXR), protein-coupled membrane receptor 5 (TGR5), and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) was assessed. Following GGJTW treatment, we observed a decrease in blood glucose levels and improvements in glucose tolerance and serum lipid levels. Furthermore, we found that GGJTW could regulate the composition of the gut microbiota and upregulate the diabetic beneficial phylum and bile-acid-related genus . PBAs in the colon contents were increased in the GGJTW-treated group, accompanied by upregulated expression of the bile acid receptors FXR and TGR5 and increased concentrations of GLP-1. These results indicated that GGJTW could alleviate symptoms of type 2 diabetic rats by regulating the gut microbiota, promoting the production of PBAs, and upregulating the PBA-FXR/TGR5-GLP-1 pathway.
葛根交泰丸（GGJTW）在中国长期用于治疗2型糖尿病（T2DM）。我们之前的研究已证明GGJTW可缓解2型糖尿病症状，但其潜在机制仍不清楚。本研究旨在调查肠道微生物群和初级胆汁酸（PBAs）的变化，以确定GGJTW治疗T2DM的潜在机制。本研究采用粪便移植法和伪无菌大鼠。使用16S rRNA基因测序方法分析肠道菌群的变化，并检测结肠内容物中的PBAs。最后，评估法尼酯X受体（FXR）、G蛋白偶联膜受体5（TGR5）和胰高血糖素样肽-1（GLP-1）的表达。GGJTW治疗后，我们观察到血糖水平降低，葡萄糖耐量和血脂水平改善。此外，我们发现GGJTW可调节肠道微生物群的组成，上调对糖尿病有益的菌门和与胆汁酸相关的菌属。GGJTW治疗组结肠内容物中的PBAs增加，同时胆汁酸受体FXR和TGR5的表达上调，GLP-1浓度增加。这些结果表明，GGJTW可通过调节肠道微生物群、促进PBAs的产生以及上调PBA-FXR/TGR5-GLP-1途径来缓解2型糖尿病大鼠的症状。
