Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2021 Sep 1;114(3):997-1011. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqab116.
Emulsion droplet triacylglycerol (TAG) crystallinity and colloidal stability can alter the postprandial metabolism, although evidence of their interactive effects is limited.
This acute meal crossover study investigated the influences of droplet TAG crystallinity at 37°C and colloidal gastric stability on gastric emptying (GE), acute lipemia, and satiety.
We gave 15 healthy adult males (mean ± SD age, 24.9 y ± 4.5 y; BMI, 26.0 kg/m2 ± 2.0 kg/m2; fasting TAG, 0.9 mmol/L ± 0.3 mmol/L) 250 mL of four 20% palm stearin or palm olein emulsions with similar particle size distributions and containing partially crystalline droplets that remained stable (SS) or destabilized (SU) or containing liquid droplets that remained stable (LS) or destabilized (LU) when exposed to simulated gastric conditions. Baseline and 6-h postprandial ultrasound gastric antrum measurements, satiety visual analogue scales (VAS), and blood samples for analyses of plasma TAG, peptide YY (PYY), glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, leptin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, insulin, and glucose were collected. Changes from baseline and incremental area under the curve (iAUC) values were analyzed by repeated-measures ANOVA.
TAG responses did not differ significantly. The gastric antrum area decreased faster (P ≤ 0.01) after treatment with the acid-unstable emulsions (SU and LU), and satiety VAS ratings and plasma endpoints differed between treatments. After LS treatment, participants had 65% and 59% lower 3-h iAUC values for hunger (P = 0.021) and desire to eat (P = 0.031), respectively, compared to after SU treatment. LS treatment resulted in higher 6-h iAUC values for ghrelin (141%; P = 0.023) and PYY (150%; P = 0.043) compared to SU treatment, and LS treatment also resulted in higher GLP-1 values compared to SU (38%; P = 0.016) and LU (76%; P = 0.001) treatment.
Emulsion acid colloidal stability, independent of TAG physical state, delayed GE, and satiety was enhanced after consuming acid stable emulsions containing TAG in the liquid state. The study was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03990246.
乳滴三酰基甘油(TAG)结晶度和胶体稳定性会改变餐后代谢，尽管它们的相互作用的证据有限。
本项 37°C 下的急性餐交叉研究调查了液滴 TAG 结晶度和胶体胃稳定性对胃排空 (GE)、急性脂血症和饱腹感的影响。
我们给 15 名健康成年男性（平均年龄±标准差 24.9 岁±4.5 岁；BMI，26.0 kg/m2±2.0 kg/m2；空腹 TAG，0.9 mmol/L±0.3 mmol/L）250 mL 四种 20%棕榈硬脂精或棕榈油酸乳液，它们具有相似的粒径分布，且含有部分结晶的液滴，这些液滴在暴露于模拟胃条件下保持稳定（SS）或不稳定（SU），或含有保持稳定（LS）或不稳定（LU）的液体液滴。基线和餐后 6 h 超声胃窦测量、饱腹感视觉模拟量表 (VAS) 和用于分析血浆 TAG、肽 YY (PYY)、胰高血糖素样肽 1 (GLP-1)、ghrelin、瘦素、葡萄糖依赖性胰岛素释放肽、胰岛素和葡萄糖的血样均被采集。通过重复测量方差分析分析了从基线和增量曲线下面积 (iAUC) 值的变化。
TAG 反应无显著差异。处理不稳定乳液（SU 和 LU）后胃窦区面积下降更快（P≤0.01），饱腹感 VAS 评分和血浆终点在处理之间存在差异。与 SU 处理相比，LS 处理后 3 h 饥饿（P=0.021）和进食欲望（P=0.031）的 iAUC 值分别降低 65%和 59%。与 SU 处理相比，LS 处理导致更高的 6 h iAUC 值 ghrelin（141%；P=0.023）和 PYY（150%；P=0.043），与 SU 和 LU 处理相比，LS 处理也导致更高的 GLP-1 值（38%；P=0.016）和（76%；P=0.001）。
乳液酸胶体稳定性，独立于 TAG 的物理状态，延迟 GE，并在食用含有液态 TAG 的稳定乳液后增强饱腹感。该研究在 clinicaltrials.gov 上注册为 NCT03990246。
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