Caballero Francisco Félix, Struijk Ellen A, Buño Antonio, Vega-Cabello Verónica, Rodríguez-Artalejo Fernando, Lopez-Garcia Esther
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, School of Medicine, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid-IdiPaz and CIBERESP (CIBER of Epidemiology and Public Health), Madrid, Spain.
Department of Laboratory Medicine, La Paz University Hospital-IdiPaz, Madrid, Spain.
Gerontology. 2022;68(2):181-191. doi: 10.1159/000516028. Epub 2021 May 7.
Amino acids are key elements in the regulation of the aging process which entails a progressive loss of muscle mass. The health effects of plasma amino acids can be influenced by dietary intake. This study assessed the prospective association between amino acid species and impaired lower-extremity function (ILEF) in older adults, exploring the role of diet on this association.
This is a case-control design comprising 43 incident cases of ILEF and 85 age- and sex-matched controls. Plasma concentrations of 20 amino acid species were measured at baseline using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and incident cases of ILEF were measured after 2 years by means of the Short Physical Performance Battery. Conditional logistic regression models were used to assess longitudinal relationships.
After adjusting for potential confounders, higher levels of tryptophan were associated with a decreased 2-year risk of ILEF (OR per 1-SD increase = 0.64, 95% CI = [0.42, 0.97]), while glutamine and total essential amino acids were linked to higher ILEF risk (OR = 1.57, 95% CI = [1.01, 2.45]; OR = 1.89, 95% CI = [1.18, 3.03], respectively). Those with a lower adherence to a Mediterranean diet, a higher BMI, a higher consumption of red meat, and a lower consumption of nuts and legumes had an increased risk of ILEF associated with higher levels of essential amino acids.
DISCUSSION/CONCLUSION: Some amino acid species could serve as risk markers for physical function decline in older adults, and healthy diet might attenuate the excess risk of ILEF linked to essential amino acids.
氨基酸是调节衰老过程的关键因素，衰老过程会导致肌肉质量逐渐丧失。血浆氨基酸的健康影响可能会受到饮食摄入的影响。本研究评估了老年人氨基酸种类与下肢功能受损（ILEF）之间的前瞻性关联，探讨了饮食在这种关联中的作用。
这是一项病例对照设计，包括43例ILEF新发病例和85例年龄及性别匹配的对照。在基线时使用液相色谱 - 串联质谱法测量20种氨基酸的血浆浓度，并在2年后通过简短体能测试电池测量ILEF新发病例。使用条件逻辑回归模型评估纵向关系。
在调整潜在混杂因素后，较高水平的色氨酸与2年ILEF风险降低相关（每增加1个标准差的OR = 0.64，95% CI = [0.42, 0.97]），而谷氨酰胺和总必需氨基酸与较高的ILEF风险相关（OR = 1.57，95% CI = [1.01, 2.45]；OR = 1.89，95% CI = [1.18, 3.03]）。那些对地中海饮食依从性较低、BMI较高、红肉消费量较高以及坚果和豆类消费量较低的人，与较高水平的必需氨基酸相关的ILEF风险增加。
讨论/结论：某些氨基酸种类可能作为老年人身体功能下降的风险标志物，健康饮食可能会减轻与必需氨基酸相关的ILEF额外风险。
