Yan Shun, Lu Jin, Jiao Kai
Department of Genetics, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, United States.
Front Cell Dev Biol. 2021 Apr 21;9:678954. doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.678954. eCollection 2021.
The cardiac neural crest cells (cNCCs) is a transient, migratory cell population that contribute to the formation of major arteries and the septa and valves of the heart. Abnormal development of cNCCs leads to a spectrum of congenital heart defects that mainly affect the outflow region of the hearts. Signaling molecules and transcription factors are the best studied regulatory events controlling cNCC development. In recent years, however, accumulated evidence supports that epigenetic regulation also plays an important role in cNCC development. Here, we summarize the functions of epigenetic regulators during cNCC development as well as cNCC related cardiovascular defects. These factors include ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling factors, histone modifiers and DNA methylation modulators. In many cases, mutations in the genes encoding these factors are known to cause inborn heart diseases. A better understanding of epigenetic regulators, their activities and their roles during heart development will ultimately contribute to the development of new clinical applications for patients with congenital heart disease.
心脏神经嵴细胞（cNCCs）是一种短暂的迁移性细胞群体，有助于主要动脉以及心脏的隔膜和瓣膜的形成。cNCCs的异常发育会导致一系列先天性心脏缺陷，主要影响心脏的流出区域。信号分子和转录因子是研究得最为深入的控制cNCC发育的调节事件。然而，近年来，越来越多的证据支持表观遗传调控在cNCC发育中也起着重要作用。在这里，我们总结了表观遗传调节因子在cNCC发育过程中的功能以及与cNCC相关的心血管缺陷。这些因素包括ATP依赖的染色质重塑因子、组蛋白修饰因子和DNA甲基化调节剂。在许多情况下，已知编码这些因子的基因突变会导致先天性心脏病。更好地了解表观遗传调节因子、它们的活性以及它们在心脏发育过程中的作用，最终将有助于为先天性心脏病患者开发新的临床应用。
