Department of Microbiology, Prof. Wacław Dąbrowski Institute of Agricultural and Food Biotechnology - State Research Institute, Warsaw, Poland.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2021 May 10;68(2):301-307. doi: 10.18388/abp.2020_5574.
The genus Alicyclobacillus comprises a group of Gram-positive, thermo-acidophilic bacteria that are capable of producing highly resistant endospores during unfavorable environmental conditions. The members of this genus inhabit natural environments, including hot springs and soils. The main reason behind the spoilage of final commercial fruit products by Alicyclobacillus is the contamination of fruits with soil at the time of harvesting. Some of the Alicyclobacillus species, including Alicyclobacillus acidoterrestris, are categorized as spoilage bacteria due to their ability to produce off-flavor compounds (e.g., guaiacol and halophenols) that adversely affect the taste and aroma of beverages. In our study, Alicyclobacillus species were isolated from Polish orchard soils and fruits and were subjected to 16S rDNA sequencing. The results of the analysis showed that the isolated strains belonged to A. acidoterrestris and Alicyclobacillus fastidiosus species. All the three isolated strains of A. fastidiosus (f1, f2, f3) exhibited similar morphological and biochemical properties as the strain described in the literature. However, these isolated strains were able to produce guaiacol at temperatures of 20°C, 25°C, and 45°C. Thus, the strains of A. fastidiosus discovered in the present study can be included in the group of spoilage species as they possessed the gene responsible for the production of guaiacol.
阿克曼氏菌属包含一组革兰氏阳性、嗜热嗜酸细菌，它们能够在不利的环境条件下产生高度抗性的内生孢子。该属的成员栖息于自然环境中，包括温泉和土壤。阿克曼氏菌属导致最终商业水果产品变质的主要原因是水果在收获时受到土壤的污染。由于某些阿克曼氏菌物种（如嗜酸耐热菌）能够产生异味化合物（例如愈创木酚和卤代酚），从而对饮料的口感和香气产生不利影响，因此它们被归类为变质菌。在我们的研究中，从波兰果园土壤和水果中分离出了阿克曼氏菌属，并对其进行了 16S rDNA 测序。分析结果表明，分离出的菌株属于嗜酸耐热菌和 Fastidiosus 阿克曼氏菌。所有三种分离出的 Fastidiosus 阿克曼氏菌（f1、f2、f3）菌株表现出与文献中描述的菌株相似的形态和生化特性。然而，这些分离出的菌株能够在 20°C、25°C 和 45°C 的温度下产生愈创木酚。因此，本研究中发现的 Fastidiosus 阿克曼氏菌菌株可以被归入变质物种，因为它们具有产生愈创木酚的基因。
