Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Parasitology, Universitas Kristen Indonesia, School of Medicine, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Mycoses. 2021 Oct;64(10):1203-1212. doi: 10.1111/myc.13304. Epub 2021 Jun 25.
Indonesia is a tropical country, warm and humid, with numerous environmental fungi. Data on fungal disease burden help policymakers and clinicians.
We have estimated the incidence and prevalence of serious fungal diseases.
We found all published and unpublished data and estimated the incidence and prevalence of fungal diseases based on populations at risk. HIV data were derived from UNAIDS (2017), pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) data from 2013-2019, data on chronic pulmonary aspergillosis (CPA) were used to estimate CPA prevalence and likely deaths, COPD data from Hammond (2020), lung cancer incidence was from Globocan 2018, and fungal rhinosinusitis was estimated using community data from India.
Overall ~7.7 million Indonesians (2.89%) have a serious fungal infection each year. The annual incidence of cryptococcosis in AIDS was 7,540. Pneumocystis pneumonia incidence was estimated at 15,400 in HIV and an equal number in non-HIV patients. An estimated 1% and 0.2% of new AIDS patients have disseminated histoplasmosis or Talaromyces marneffei infection. The incidence of candidaemia is 26,710. The annual incidence of invasive aspergillosis was estimated at 49,500 and the prevalence of CPA is at 378,700 cases. Allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis prevalence in adults is estimated at 336,200, severe asthma with fungal sensitisation at 443,800, and fungal rhinosinusitis at 294,000. Recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis is estimated at 5 million/year (15-50 years old). The incidence of fungal keratitis around 40,050. Tinea capitis prevalence in schoolchildren about 729,000.
Indonesia has a high burden of fungal infections.
印度尼西亚是一个热带国家，温暖潮湿，环境中真菌种类繁多。真菌病负担数据有助于决策者和临床医生了解情况。
我们估算了严重真菌感染的发病率和患病率。
我们查找了所有已发表和未发表的数据，并根据高危人群估算了真菌感染的发病率和患病率。艾滋病毒数据来自 UNAIDS（2017 年），肺结核（PTB）数据来自 2013-2019 年，慢性肺曲霉病（CPA）数据用于估算 CPA 的患病率和可能的死亡人数，COPD 数据来自 Hammond（2020 年），肺癌发病率来自 Globocan 2018 年，真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎则使用来自印度的社区数据进行估算。
印度尼西亚每年约有 770 万人（2.89%）患有严重真菌感染。艾滋病患者中隐球菌病的年发病率为 7540 例。艾滋病毒患者和非艾滋病毒患者中，估计分别有 15400 例和 15400 例发生肺囊虫肺炎。估计新诊断的艾滋病患者中 1%和 0.2%患有播散性组织胞浆菌病或马尔尼菲青霉病。念珠菌血症的年发病率为 26710 例。侵袭性曲霉病的年发病率估计为 49500 例，CPA 的患病率为 378700 例。成人变应性支气管肺曲霉病的患病率估计为 336200 例，真菌致敏性严重哮喘为 443800 例，真菌性鼻-鼻窦炎为 294000 例。复发性外阴阴道念珠菌病估计为每年 500 万例（15-50 岁）。真菌性角膜炎的发病率约为 40050 例。儿童中头癣的患病率约为 729000 例。
印度尼西亚真菌感染负担沉重。
