Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), University of Liege, Belgium; Department of Pathology and Veterinary Public Health, Parasitological Unit, Agronomic and Veterinary Institute Hassan II, Rabat, Morocco.
Fundamental and Applied Research for Animals and Health (FARAH), University of Liege, Belgium.
Prev Vet Med. 2021 Jul;192:105373. doi: 10.1016/j.prevetmed.2021.105373. Epub 2021 May 4.
Cystic echinococcosis (CE) or hydatidosis is a common parasitic disease worldwide, especially in poor and developing countries. In Morocco, CE is a major zoonosis, despite the implementation of a national control program since 2007. Therefore, in 2016, a field trial that associates the EG95 vaccine (lambs) and anthelmintic treatment (dogs) was started in the Mid Atlas, the most endemic region in Morocco, with preliminary positive results. Here, a qualitative approach was used to analyze the feasibility and social acceptability of this strategy. Fifteen focus group discussions were separately conducted with breeders and with their wives, and forty-two individual interviews were performed with private-sector veterinarians and officers from structures responsible for the CE control program. Recordings were transcribed and analyzed with the R software, using the RQDA package. This qualitative research was validated using the credibility, transferability, dependability and confirmability criteria. This study showed that the professionals' views on sheep vaccination and anthelmintic treatment were divided between acceptability and concerns. Conversely, breeders and their wives highlighted the issue of the costs of procedures the utility of which was not immediately clear to them. All participants proposed solutions to improve this strategy, and also stressed the lack of education on CE. By bringing together the views of the communities and the professionals, this study traced the main lines (targeting the different aspects of CE and taking into account the local socio-cultural beliefs) that must be taken into account to ensure the short- and long-term CE control in Morocco.
包虫病（CE）或棘球蚴病是一种常见的寄生虫病，在全世界范围内普遍存在，尤其在贫困和发展中国家更为常见。在摩洛哥，尽管自 2007 年以来实施了国家控制计划，但 CE 仍是一种主要的人畜共患病。因此，2016 年在摩洛哥最流行的地区——中阿特拉斯山区，开始了一项将 EG95 疫苗（羔羊）和驱虫药物治疗（犬类）联合应用的现场试验，初步结果为阳性。在此，我们采用定性方法分析了这一策略的可行性和社会可接受性。我们分别与饲养员及其妻子进行了 15 次焦点小组讨论，与私营部门兽医和负责 CE 控制计划的机构官员进行了 42 次个别访谈。使用 R 软件和 RQDA 包对录音进行了转录和分析。使用可信度、可转移性、可靠性和确认性标准验证了这项定性研究。本研究表明，专业人士对绵羊疫苗接种和驱虫药物治疗的看法存在分歧，一方面认为其可以接受，另一方面也存在一些顾虑。相反，饲养员及其妻子强调了程序费用的问题，他们对这些程序的效用并不清楚。所有参与者都提出了改进这一策略的建议，并强调了缺乏 CE 教育的问题。通过汇集社区和专业人士的意见，本研究确定了需要考虑的主要因素（针对 CE 的不同方面，并考虑到当地的社会文化信仰），以确保在摩洛哥实现短期和长期的 CE 控制。
