Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 15 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Department of Pathology, University of Utah, 15 North Medical Drive, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA.
Trends Immunol. 2021 Jun;42(6):536-550. doi: 10.1016/j.it.2021.04.006. Epub 2021 May 8.
CD4 follicular helper T (Tfh) cells play a vital role in providing help for B cells undergoing selection and differentiation into activated antibody-secreting cells in mammalian germinal centers (GCs). Increasing evidence suggests that Tfh cells are a heterogeneous population that generates cytokine-skewed immune responses - a reflection of the microenvironment during differentiation. This has important ramifications for Tfh-mediated B cell help. Because Tfh subsets can have opposing effects on GC B cell responses, we discuss current findings regarding the differentiation and functions of cytokine-skewed Tfh cells in modulating GC B cell differentiation. Antibodies are important weapons against infectious diseases but can also be pathogenic mediators in some autoimmune conditions. Since cytokine-skewed Tfh cells can influence the magnitude and quality of the humoral response, we address the roles of cytokine-skewed Tfh cells in disease.
CD4 滤泡辅助 T（Tfh）细胞在为哺乳动物生发中心（GC）中经历选择和分化为活化的抗体分泌细胞的 B 细胞提供帮助方面发挥着至关重要的作用。越来越多的证据表明，Tfh 细胞是一个异质性群体，它产生细胞因子偏向的免疫反应——这反映了分化过程中的微环境。这对 Tfh 介导的 B 细胞辅助作用有重要影响。因为 Tfh 亚群对 GC B 细胞反应可能有相反的影响，所以我们讨论了关于细胞因子偏向的 Tfh 细胞在调节 GC B 细胞分化中的分化和功能的最新发现。抗体是对抗传染病的重要武器，但在某些自身免疫性疾病中也可以是致病性介质。由于细胞因子偏向的 Tfh 细胞可以影响体液反应的幅度和质量，因此我们研究了细胞因子偏向的 Tfh 细胞在疾病中的作用。
