Ahmad Sandy Haidar, Assaf Mona Diab, Herbein Georges
Department Pathogens & Inflammation-EPILAB, UPRES EA4266, University of Franche-Comté, University of Bourgogne Franche-Comté, 16, route de Gray, 25030 Besançon cedex, France, Université libanaise, Beirut, Liban.
Université libanaise, Beirut, Liban.
Virologie (Montrouge). 2021 Apr 1;25(2):63-92. doi: 10.1684/vir.2021.0876.
Epigenetics play an important role in viral replication and in viral associated pathogenesis. In fact, viruses interact with epigenetic factors to promote the viral replication by stimulating the entry into the lytic cycle, but also by promoting viral latency. Furthermore, epigenetics control the immune response implemented by the host to counteract viral infections. Thus, epigenetic modifications are identified as potential therapeutic targets to control viral infections. Several studies have already shown the efficiency of inhibitors of histone deacetylases, demethylases, acetyltransferases and methyltransferases, as well as inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases in viral infections repression or in latency reactivation. In this review, we will examine the epigenetic regulation of viral infections by several DNA viruses, e.g. HSV, EBV, HCMV, KSHV, HBV, HPV and HAdV, and RNA viruses, e.g. HCV, HIV, IAV and CoV. Also, we will discuss the potential use of therapeutic approaches targeting epigenetics for the control of viral infections.
表观遗传学在病毒复制及病毒相关发病机制中发挥着重要作用。事实上，病毒与表观遗传因子相互作用，通过刺激进入裂解周期来促进病毒复制，同时也促进病毒潜伏。此外，表观遗传学控制宿主为对抗病毒感染而实施的免疫反应。因此，表观遗传修饰被确定为控制病毒感染的潜在治疗靶点。多项研究已经表明，组蛋白脱乙酰酶、去甲基酶、乙酰转移酶和甲基转移酶的抑制剂，以及DNA甲基转移酶的抑制剂在抑制病毒感染或重新激活潜伏状态方面具有有效性。在这篇综述中，我们将研究几种DNA病毒（如单纯疱疹病毒、爱泼斯坦-巴尔病毒、人巨细胞病毒、卡波西肉瘤相关疱疹病毒、乙肝病毒、人乳头瘤病毒和腺病毒）以及RNA病毒（如丙型肝炎病毒、人类免疫缺陷病毒、甲型流感病毒和冠状病毒）对病毒感染的表观遗传调控。此外，我们还将讨论针对表观遗传学的治疗方法在控制病毒感染方面的潜在用途。
