Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY 10065, USA; email:
Department of Physiology, Biophysics and Systems Biology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY 10065, USA.
Annu Rev Biomed Eng. 2021 Jul 13;23:517-546. doi: 10.1146/annurev-bioeng-112619-044026. Epub 2021 May 11.
Liver disease is an important clinical problem, impacting 600 million people worldwide. It is the 11th-leading cause of death in the world. Despite constant improvement in treatment and diagnostics, the aging population and accumulated risk factors led to increased morbidity due to nonalcoholic fatty liver disease and steatohepatitis. Liver transplantation, first established in the 1960s, is the second-most-common solid organ transplantation and is the gold standard for the treatment of liver failure. However, less than 10% of the global need for liver transplantation is met at the current rates of transplantation due to the paucity of available organs. Cell- and tissue-based therapies present an alternative to organ transplantation. This review surveys the approaches and tools that have been developed, discusses the distinctive challenges that exist for cell- and tissue-based therapies, and examines the future directions of regenerative therapies for the treatment of liver disease.
肝脏疾病是一个重要的临床问题，影响着全球 6 亿人。它是全球第 11 大死亡原因。尽管治疗和诊断技术不断提高，但人口老龄化和累积的风险因素导致非酒精性脂肪性肝病和脂肪性肝炎的发病率增加。肝脏移植始于 20 世纪 60 年代，是第二大常见的实体器官移植，是治疗肝功能衰竭的金标准。然而，由于可供移植的器官稀缺，目前的移植率仅满足全球肝脏移植需求的不到 10%。基于细胞和组织的疗法为器官移植提供了一种替代方法。本文综述了已开发的方法和工具，讨论了基于细胞和组织的疗法所存在的独特挑战，并探讨了再生疗法治疗肝脏疾病的未来方向。
