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Veterans Choice 法案通过后,获得医疗服务的机会是否有所改善?:农村和城市退伍军人之间的差异。

Did Access to Care Improve Since Passage of the Veterans Choice Act?: Differences Between Rural and Urban Veterans.

机构信息

VA Boston Healthcare System.

Boston University School of Medicine.

出版信息

Med Care. 2021 Jun 1;59(Suppl 3):S270-S278. doi: 10.1097/MLR.0000000000001490.

DOI:10.1097/MLR.0000000000001490
PMID:33976076
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8132901/
Abstract

BACKGROUND

The 2014 Veterans Choice Program aimed to improve care access for Veterans through expanded availability of community care (CC). Increased access to CC could particularly benefit rural Veterans, who often face obstacles in obtaining medical care at the Veterans Health Administration (VHA). However, whether Veterans Choice Program improved timely access to care for this vulnerable population is understudied.

OBJECTIVES

To examine wait times among rural and urban Veterans for 5 outpatient specialty care services representing the top requests for CC services among rural Veterans.

RESEARCH DESIGN

Retrospective study using VHA and CC outpatient consult data from VHA's Corporate Data Warehouse in Fiscal Year (FY) 2015 (October 1, 2014 to September 30, 2015) and FY2018 (October 1, 2017 to September 30, 2018).

SUBJECTS

All Veterans who received a new patient consult for physical therapy, cardiology, optometry, orthopedics, and/or dental services in VHA and/or CC.

MEASURES

Wait time, care setting (VHA/CC), rural/urban status, sociodemographics, and comorbidities.

RESULTS

Our sample included 1,112,876 Veterans. Between FY2015 and FY2018, mean wait times decreased for all services for both rural and urban Veterans; declines were greatest in VHA (eg, mean optometry wait times for rural Veterans in VHA vs. CC declined 8.3 vs. 6.4 d, respectively, P<0.0001). By FY2018, for both rural and urban Veterans, CC mean wait times for most services were longer than VHA wait times.

CONCLUSIONS

Timely care access for all Veterans improved between FY15 and FY18, particularly in VHA. As expansion of CC continues under the MISSION Act, more research is needed to evaluate quality of care across VHA and CC and what role, if any, wait times play.

摘要

背景

2014 年退伍军人选择计划旨在通过扩大社区医疗(CC)的可及性来改善退伍军人的护理机会。增加 CC 的可及性可能特别有利于农村退伍军人,他们在获得退伍军人健康管理局(VHA)的医疗服务方面经常面临障碍。然而,退伍军人选择计划是否改善了这一弱势群体的及时获得护理的机会,这方面的研究还很不足。

目的

检查农村和城市退伍军人在 5 种门诊专科护理服务方面的等待时间,这些服务代表了农村退伍军人对 CC 服务的最高需求。

研究设计

使用退伍军人健康管理局的企业数据仓库中的退伍军人健康管理局和 CC 门诊咨询数据,对 2015 财年(2014 年 10 月 1 日至 2015 年 9 月 30 日)和 2018 财年(2017 年 10 月 1 日至 2018 年 9 月 30 日)的数据进行回顾性研究。

研究对象

所有在退伍军人健康管理局和/或 CC 接受物理治疗、心脏病学、验光、整形外科和/或牙科服务新患者咨询的退伍军人。

测量方法

等待时间、护理环境(退伍军人健康管理局/CC)、农村/城市状况、社会人口统计学和合并症。

结果

我们的样本包括 1112876 名退伍军人。在 2015 财年至 2018 财年期间,所有服务的农村和城市退伍军人的平均等待时间都有所缩短;退伍军人健康管理局的降幅最大(例如,农村退伍军人在退伍军人健康管理局的平均验光等待时间与 CC 相比,分别下降了 8.3 天和 6.4 天,均 P<0.0001)。到 2018 财年,对于农村和城市退伍军人来说,CC 的大多数服务的平均等待时间都长于退伍军人健康管理局的等待时间。

结论

自 2015 财年以来,所有退伍军人的及时护理机会都有所改善,特别是在退伍军人健康管理局。随着使命法案下对 CC 的扩展继续进行,需要进行更多的研究,以评估退伍军人健康管理局和 CC 之间的护理质量,以及等待时间是否起到了任何作用。

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