Zeng Jie, Han Guilin
Institute of Earth Sciences, China University of Geosciences (Beijing), Beijing, China.
PeerJ. 2021 Apr 20;9:e11167. doi: 10.7717/peerj.11167. eCollection 2021.
The rainwater chemistry and related air contaminants are used to investigate the rainwater ions sources, variations, and influence factors from 2012 to 2014 in Guiyang city (the typical karst urban area of Southwest China). According to temporal rainwater ion concentrations, the obvious variations were presented in the study period, such as Ca (125∼6,652 μeq L) and SO (11∼4,127 μeq L). Consequently, Ca, Mg, SO and Cl are considered as the leading ions. Three critical influencing factors of rainwater ions concentrations, including sources variations, rainfall amount and long-distance migration (rainfall amount > 100 mm) are identified. Based on the typical ionic ratios, source identification suggested that anthropogenic inputs mainly contributed to F, NO and SO , while the dusts (crustal sources) are the primary sources of Mg, Ca and K. Cl Enrichment in long-distance transport is the main contributor of Cl. According to the observation of high level of total wet acid deposition, the more detailed spatio-temporal monitoring of rainfall-related acid deposition (particularly sulfur deposition) is required to understand its potential environmental effects in the aquatic ecosystem of the earth surface.
利用贵阳市（中国西南典型喀斯特城市地区）2012年至2014年的雨水化学和相关空气污染物，研究雨水离子来源、变化及影响因素。根据雨水离子浓度的时间变化，研究期间呈现出明显变化，如钙（125～6652 μeq/L）和硫酸根（11～4127 μeq/L）。因此，钙、镁、硫酸根和氯离子被视为主要离子。确定了雨水离子浓度的三个关键影响因素，包括来源变化、降雨量和长距离迁移（降雨量>100毫米）。基于典型离子比值的来源识别表明，人为输入主要导致氟、硝酸根和硫酸根，而粉尘（地壳来源）是镁、钙和钾的主要来源。长距离传输中氯的富集是氯离子的主要贡献者。根据对高湿沉降总量的观测，需要对与降雨相关的酸沉降（特别是硫沉降）进行更详细的时空监测，以了解其对地表水生生态系统的潜在环境影响。
