Motivation of Health Behaviours Lab, Appleton Institute.
School of Health, Medical and Applied Sciences, Central Queensland University.
Behav Med. 2022 Jul-Dec;48(4):313-319. doi: 10.1080/08964289.2021.1903380. Epub 2021 May 12.
Skin cancer is highly burdensome, but preventable with regular engagement in sun protective behaviors. Despite modest effectiveness of sun-protective behavior promotional efforts thus far, rates of engagement in sun-protective behaviors remain low. More is needed to understand motivation for using sunscreen, wearing sun-protective clothing, and seeking shade. This study tested whether the links of intention and habit strength with behavior differed between sun-protective behaviors. It was hypothesized that sun protective behaviors would be predicted by both habit and intention and that intention-behavior associations would be weaker for people with stronger habits. Participants residing in Queensland, Australia ( = 203; 75.96% female; age = 37.16 years, = 14.67) self-reported their intentions and habit strength about sun-protective behavior for the next 7 days. Participants were followed-up 7 days later to self-report their sun-protective behavior. Multilevel modeling, accounting for nesting of multiple behaviors within-person, revealed that habit moderated the intention strength - behavior association and this moderation effect did not differ as a function of which behavior was being predicted. People with strong or moderate habit strength tended to act in line with their intentions; however, for people with very weak habits (2 SD < M), there was less alignment between their intention and behavior. These findings suggest that habit plays a facilitative role in the implementation of strong sun protective behavior intentions. Interventions should consider how to encourage intention and habit to enhance sun-protective behaviors and reduce the burden of skin cancer from sun exposure.Supplemental data for this article is available online at https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2021.1903380 .
皮肤癌负担沉重，但通过定期采取防晒措施是可以预防的。尽管迄今为止防晒行为促进措施的效果有限，但防晒行为的参与率仍然很低。需要更多的了解动机使用防晒霜、穿防晒服和寻找阴凉处。本研究检验了意图和习惯强度与行为之间的联系在防晒行为中是否存在差异。假设防晒行为将同时受到习惯和意图的预测，并且对于习惯较强的人，意图-行为关联较弱。参与者居住在澳大利亚昆士兰州（ = 203; 75.96%女性；年龄 = 37.16 岁， = 14.67）自我报告了他们未来 7 天的防晒行为意图和习惯强度。参与者在 7 天后被随访，以自我报告他们的防晒行为。多层次模型，考虑了个体内多个行为的嵌套，结果表明习惯调节了意图强度与行为的关联，并且这种调节效应不因被预测的行为而异。习惯较强或中等的人往往会按照自己的意图行事；然而，对于习惯非常弱的人（2 SD < M），他们的意图和行为之间的一致性较小。这些发现表明习惯在实施强烈的防晒行为意图方面发挥了促进作用。干预措施应考虑如何鼓励意图和习惯，以增强防晒行为并减少因阳光暴露而导致的皮肤癌负担。本文的补充数据可在 https://doi.org/10.1080/08964289.2021.1903380 在线获取。
