He Wenguang, Cai Zhanchuan
IEEE Trans Image Process. 2021;30:5045-5055. doi: 10.1109/TIP.2021.3078088. Epub 2021 May 19.
Reversible data hiding generally exploits the redundancy of the cover medium and prediction-error expansion (PEE) has become the most effective mechanism. However, although the pairwise PEE technique has been proposed to jointly modify the prediction-errors to achieve less degradation, there is still room for improvement. In this paper, a dual pairwise PEE strategy is proposed to fully exploit the potential of pairwise PEE. The key observation behind dual pairwise PEE lies in that most capacity is provided by individually expanding only one pairing error. For such separable error-pairs, we propose to recalculate and collect the rest pairing error to form an error sequence after shifting any one pairing error. Next, by considering every two neighboring errors of the sequence together, a new set of error-pairs for double pairwise PEE can be obtained. Compared with original pairwise PEE, dual pairwise PEE significantly better exploits the correlation of errors such that it leads to better capacity-distortion performance. Experimental results also demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms several state-of-the-art schemes.
可逆数据隐藏通常利用载体介质的冗余性，而预测误差扩展（PEE）已成为最有效的机制。然而，尽管已提出成对PEE技术来联合修改预测误差以实现较小的降级，但仍有改进空间。本文提出了一种双成对PEE策略，以充分挖掘成对PEE的潜力。双成对PEE背后的关键观察结果在于，大部分容量是通过仅单独扩展一个配对误差来提供的。对于此类可分离的误差对，我们建议在移动任何一个配对误差后重新计算并收集其余的配对误差以形成一个误差序列。接下来，通过一起考虑该序列的每两个相邻误差，可以获得用于双成对PEE的一组新的误差对。与原始成对PEE相比，双成对PEE能显著更好地利用误差的相关性，从而带来更好的容量-失真性能。实验结果还表明，所提出的方案优于几种现有技术方案。
