Cu- and Cu-Cage Sil- and Germsesquioxanes: Synthetic and Structural Features, Oxidative Rearrangements, and Catalytic Activity.

This study reports intriguing features in the self-assembly of cage copper(II) silsesquioxanes in the presence of air. Despite the wide variation of solvates used, a series of prismatic hexanuclear Cu cages (-) were assembled under mild conditions. In turn, syntheses at higher temperatures are accompanied by side reactions, leading to the oxidation of solvates (methanol, 1-butanol, and tetrahydrofuran). The oxidized solvent derivatives then specifically participate in the formation of copper silsesquioxane cages, allowing the isolation of several unusual Cu-based ( and ) and Cu-based () complexes. When 1,4-dioxane was applied as a reaction medium, deep rearrangements occurred (with a total elimination of silsesquioxane ligands), causing the formation of mononuclear copper(II) compounds bearing oxidized dioxane fragments ( and ) or a formate-driven 1D coordination polymer (). Finally, a "directed" self-assembly of sil- and germsesquioxanes from copper acetate (or formate) resulted in the corresponding acetate (or formate) containing Cu cages ( and ) that were isolated in high yields. The structures of all of the products - were established by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, mainly based on the use of synchrotron radiation. Moreover, the catalytic activity of compounds and was evaluated toward the mild homogeneous oxidation of C-C cycloalkanes with hydrogen peroxide to form a mixture of the corresponding cyclic alcohols and ketones.