Schmidt Charmaine, Oxley Oxland Jonathan, Freercks Robert
Department of Internal Medicine, Livingstone Hospital, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
Department of Medicine, Walter Sisulu University, Port Elizabeth, South Africa.
BMJ Case Rep. 2021 May 12;14(5):e239322. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2020-239322.
We report a case of severe hypokalaemia and moderate hypophosphataemia from clay ingestion. A 60-year-old woman presented with flaccid paralysis. Investigations revealed a serum potassium level of 1.8 mmol/L, phosphate level of 0.56 mmol/L and creatine kinase level of 30 747 IU/L. She had marked proximal and distal muscle weakness due to severe hypokalaemia and concurrent hypophosphataemia, which likely contributed to the onset of rhabdomyolysis. The patient subsequently admitted to significant pica, most likely secondary to an associated iron deficiency. We conclude that the ingested clay acted as a potassium and phosphate binder. Although we did not investigate the content of the clay in this case, it has been reported that clay can bind potassium in vitro and is rich in minerals such as aluminium that could play a role in the binding of phosphate, although the exact mechanism remains unclear. The patient recovered fully and outpatient follow-up at 6 months and again at 40 months confirmed no electrolyte abnormality, myopathy nor any further geophagia.
我们报告一例因摄入黏土导致严重低钾血症和中度低磷血症的病例。一名60岁女性出现弛缓性麻痹。检查发现血清钾水平为1.8 mmol/L,磷酸盐水平为0.56 mmol/L,肌酸激酶水平为30747 IU/L。由于严重低钾血症和并发低磷血症,她出现了明显的近端和远端肌肉无力,这可能导致了横纹肌溶解症的发生。患者随后承认有明显的异食癖,很可能继发于相关的缺铁。我们得出结论,摄入的黏土起到了钾和磷酸盐结合剂的作用。尽管在这个病例中我们没有研究黏土的成分,但据报道,黏土在体外可以结合钾,并且富含铝等矿物质,这些矿物质可能在磷酸盐的结合中起作用,尽管确切机制尚不清楚。患者完全康复,6个月和40个月的门诊随访证实没有电解质异常、肌病或任何进一步的食土癖。