Ferretti Francesca, Cannatelli Rosanna, Ardizzone Sandro, Maier Jeanette A, Maconi Giovanni
Gastroenterology Unit-ASST Fatebenefratelli-Sacco, Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) L. Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
General Pathology-Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences (DIBIC) L. Sacco, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Front Pharmacol. 2021 Apr 26;12:679924. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2021.679924. eCollection 2021.
The evaluation of the degree of inflammation and fibrosis, intrinsic elements in intestinal wall damage of Crohn's disease, is essential to individuate the extent of the lesions and the presence of strictures. This information will contribute to the choice of the appropriate therapeutic approach, the prediction of the response to therapy and the course of the disease. The accurate evaluation of the extent and severity of inflammation and/or fibrosis in Crohn's disease currently requires histopathological analysis of the intestinal wall. However, in clinical practice and research, transmural assessment of the intestinal wall with cross sectional imaging is increasingly used for this purpose. The B-mode ultrasonograhic characteristics of the intestinal wall, the assessment of its vascularization by color Doppler and I.V. contrast agents, and the evaluation of the mechanical and elastic properties by sonoelastography, may provide useful and accurate information on the severity and extent of inflammation and intestinal fibrosis in Crohn's disease. The purpose of this review is to provide an update on current sonographic methods to discriminate inflammation and fibrosis in Crohn's disease.
评估炎症和纤维化程度（克罗恩病肠壁损伤的内在因素）对于确定病变范围和狭窄的存在至关重要。这些信息将有助于选择合适的治疗方法、预测治疗反应和疾病进程。目前，准确评估克罗恩病炎症和/或纤维化的程度和严重程度需要对肠壁进行组织病理学分析。然而，在临床实践和研究中，越来越多地使用横断面成像对肠壁进行透壁评估来达到这一目的。肠壁的B型超声特征、通过彩色多普勒和静脉造影剂评估其血管化情况以及通过超声弹性成像评估其力学和弹性特性，可能会为克罗恩病炎症和肠纤维化的严重程度及范围提供有用且准确的信息。本综述的目的是提供关于当前用于鉴别克罗恩病炎症和纤维化的超声方法的最新信息。
