Human Cognitive Neuroscience -Psychology, School of Philosophy, Psychology and Language Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom.
Anne Rowling Regenerative Neurology Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, Midlothian, United Kingdom.
Int J Geriatr Psychiatry. 2021 Oct;36(10):1576-1587. doi: 10.1002/gps.5566. Epub 2021 Jun 3.
The Edinburgh Cognitive and Behavioural ALS Screen (ECAS) was developed to assess cognitive and behavioural changes in an anterior frontotemporal syndrome (executive functions, language, fluency and behaviour), common in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) and also assesses posterior cerebral dysfunction (memory and visuospatial abilities).
To validate the ECAS in behavioural variant Frontotemporal Dementia (bvFTD) without ALS, as compared with Alzheimer's disease (AD), against comprehensive neuropsychological assessment. Compare its sensitivity to that of the Addenbrooke's Cognitive Examination (ACE-III) and investigate behavioural changes in both types of dementia.
Retrospective study of 16 people with bvFTD (without ALS), 32 with AD, and 48 healthy controls completed the ECAS, ACE-III and extensive neuropsychological assessment.
The ECAS showed higher sensitivity (94%) and marginally lower specificity (96%) than the ACE-III for both the bvFTD and AD groups. The anterior composite subscore was sensitive for bvFTD (94%), and slightly less so for AD (84%), while the posterior composite subscore was sensitive for AD (97%), and less so for bvFTD (75%). All people with bvFTD that were impaired on the ECAS total and anterior composite scores were also impaired on the anterior function's tests of the neuropsychological assessment. A cut-off of four or more behavioural domains affected differentiated well between the bvFTD and AD groups, while a qualitative analysis of the behavioural interview found different themes between groups.
The ECAS is a valid and sensitive assessment for bvFTD without ALS and for AD. The carer behavioural interview makes it particularly suitable to detect behavioural abnormalities related to frontal lobe disorders.
未患有肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）的额颞叶痴呆（bvFTD）的行为变异型认知和行为爱丁堡 ALS 筛查（ECAS）的评估：该筛查用于评估常见于肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）的额颞叶前部综合征（执行功能、语言、流畅性和行为）的认知和行为变化，同时还评估大脑后部的功能障碍（记忆力和视空间能力）。
与阿尔茨海默病（AD）相比，通过综合神经心理学评估，验证 ECAS 在无 ALS 的行为变异型额颞叶痴呆（bvFTD）中的有效性。比较其对 Addenbrooke 认知测验（ACE-III）的敏感性，并研究两种痴呆症的行为变化。
回顾性研究了 16 名无 ALS 的 bvFTD 患者、32 名 AD 患者和 48 名健康对照者，他们完成了 ECAS、ACE-III 和广泛的神经心理学评估。
ECAS 在 bvFTD 和 AD 组中的敏感性（94%）均高于 ACE-III，特异性（96%）略低。前综合子分数对 bvFTD 敏感（94%），对 AD 稍低（84%），而后综合子分数对 AD 敏感（97%），对 bvFTD 稍低（75%）。ECAS 总评分和前综合评分受损的所有 bvFTD 患者在前瞻性功能神经心理学评估测试中也受损。4 个或更多行为域受影响的分界值可很好地区分 bvFTD 和 AD 组，而行为访谈的定性分析发现了两组之间的不同主题。
ECAS 是一种有效的、敏感的评估工具，适用于无 ALS 的 bvFTD 和 AD。照顾者行为访谈使其特别适合检测与额叶障碍相关的行为异常。
