Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Cognition and Personality (Ministry of Education), School of Psychology, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.
Korean J Radiol. 2021 Jul;22(7):1142-1151. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2020.0178. Epub 2021 May 4.
To evaluate microstructural damage in high myopia (HM) patients using 3T diffusion kurtosis imaging (DKI).
This prospective study included 30 HM patients and 33 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HCs) with DKI. Kurtosis parameters including kurtosis fractional anisotropy (FA), mean kurtosis (MK), axial kurtosis (AK), and radial kurtosis (RK) as well as diffusion metrics including FA, mean diffusivity, axial diffusivity (AD), and radial diffusivity derived from DKI were obtained. Group differences in these metrics were compared using tract-based spatial statistics. Partial correlation analysis was used to evaluate correlations between microstructural changes and disease duration.
Compared to HCs, HM patients showed significantly reduced AK, RK, MK, and FA and significantly increased AD, predominately in the bilateral corticospinal tract, right inferior longitudinal fasciculus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, inferior fronto-occipital fasciculus, and left thalamus (all < 0.05, threshold-free cluster enhancement corrected). In addition, DKI-derived kurtosis parameters (AK, RK, and MK) had negative correlations ( = -0.448 to -0.376, all < 0.05) and diffusion parameter (AD) had positive correlations ( = 0.372 to 0.409, all < 0.05) with disease duration.
HM patients showed microstructural alterations in the brain regions responsible for motor conduction and vision-related functions. DKI is useful for detecting white matter abnormalities in HM patients, which might be helpful for exploring and monitoring the pathogenesis of the disease.
利用 3T 扩散峰度成像（DKI）评估高度近视（HM）患者的微观结构损伤。
本前瞻性研究纳入了 30 名 HM 患者和 33 名年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者（HCs），并对其进行 DKI 检查。获取各向异性分数（FA）、平均峰度（MK）、轴向峰度（AK）、径向峰度（RK）等峰度参数以及来自 DKI 的 FA、平均扩散系数、轴向扩散系数（AD）和径向扩散系数等扩散指标。使用基于束的空间统计学比较这些指标在组间的差异。采用偏相关分析评估微观结构变化与病程之间的相关性。
与 HCs 相比，HM 患者的 AK、RK、MK 和 FA 显著降低，AD 显著增加，主要表现在双侧皮质脊髓束、右侧下纵束、上纵束、下额枕束和左侧丘脑（均 < 0.05，经阈值自由聚类增强校正）。此外，DKI 衍生的峰度参数（AK、RK 和 MK）与病程呈负相关（ = -0.448 至 -0.376，均 < 0.05），扩散参数（AD）与病程呈正相关（ = 0.372 至 0.409，均 < 0.05）。
HM 患者的大脑运动传导和视觉相关功能区域存在微观结构改变。DKI 有助于检测 HM 患者的脑白质异常，这可能有助于探索和监测疾病的发病机制。
