Lumbar radiculopathy after spinal fusion for scoliosis.

In 184 patients with no preoperative neurologic deficit who underwent operation for idiopathic scoliosis, somatosensory evoked potential monitoring was used. Four patients had neurologic deficits postoperatively. Two patients developed mild signs of intraspinal lesions involving upper motor neurons at high lumbar levels that resolved over 3-5 months. These patients and two others developed evidence of unilateral, moderate, lower motor neuron damage that was confirmed on electromyography. No changes in somatosensory evoked potentials occurred in these patients. Lumbar root damage may be difficult to recognize after operation and should be considered in patients with neurologic deficit after scoliosis surgery.